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lunes, 13 de julio de 2020

Violante De Hungría, Reina Consorte De Aragón ♔ Ref: QA-734 |•••► #HUNGRIA 🏆🇭🇺★ #Genealogía #Genealogy


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20° Bisabuela/ Great Grandmother de:
Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
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Violante de Hungría, reina consorte de Aragón is your 19th great grandmothof→ Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→  Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→   Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father →  Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  D. Estefania de Requesens, III Condesa de Palamós
his mother → Hipòlita Roís de Liori i de Montcada
her mother →  Beatriz de Montcada i de Vilaragut
her mother →  Pedro de Montcada i de Luna, Señor de Villamarchante
her father → Elfa de Luna y de Xèrica
his mother →  Pedro Martínez de Luna y Saluzzo, señor de Almonacid y Pola
her father →  Pedro Martínez de Luna
his father → Violante de Alagon
his mother →  D. Teresa de Aragón
her mother →  Pedro III el Grande, rey de Aragón
her father →  Violante de Hungría, reina consorte de Aragón
his mother show short path | share this path

Jolán ÁRPÁD(házi), aragóniai királyné MP
Lithuanian: Jolanta Iš Vengrijos, Vengrijos Karalienė, Polish: Jolanta Węgierska, Królewna Węgierska, Spanish: Da. Violante Violant d'Aragón, aragóniai királyné, Hungarian: Árpád-házi Jolán ÁRPÁD(házi), aragóniai királyné, French: Jolán Violant d'Aragón, aragóniai királyné
Gender: Female
Birth: circa 1215
Esztergom, Komárom-Esztergom, Magyarország - Hungary
Death: October 09, 1251 (32-40)
Huesca, Aragón, España
Place of Burial: Santa María de Vallbona, Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
Immediate Family:
Daughter of Árpád(házi) II. András - Andrew II, King of Hungary and Yolande - Jolánta de Courtenay, Reina de Hongrie
Wife of James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon
Mother of Violante de Aragón, reina consorte de Castilla; Constanza de Aragón, señora consorte de Escalona; Pedro III el Grande, rey de Aragón; Isabel de Aragón, Reina Consorte de Francia; Jaume II, rei de Mallorca and 5 others
Sister of Kinga-Cunegunda ÁRPÁD(házi)
Half sister of Анна-Мария; Bela IV Péter, King Of Hungary; Árpád(házi) Szent Erzsébet / St. Elisabeth, Princess of Hungary; Árpád(házi) Kálmán, Prince of Hungary; ÁRPÁD(házi) András, Prince of Hungary and 1 other
Added by: "Skip" Bremer on June 8, 2007
Managed by:   Daniel Dupree Walton and 173 others
Curated by: FARKAS Mihály László
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English (default)  edit | history
http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d-h%C3%A1zi_Jol%C3%A1n_arag%C3%B3niai_kir%C3%A1lyn%C3%A9

Árpád-házi Jolán aragóniai királyné
http://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violant_d%27Hongr%C3%ADa

Violant d'Hongría Reina consort d'Aragón
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violante_de_Hungr%C3%ADa

Violante de Hungría
Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre Violante de Hungría, nacida alrededor de 1216 en Esztergom, Hungría y fallecida en Huesca en octubre de 1251, fue reina de Aragón tras casarse en 1235 con Jaime I de Aragón, el Conquistador, de quien fue la segunda esposa.

Era hija del rey Andrés II de Hungría y de Violante de Courtenay. Su dote significaba una aportación de dinero y territorios, que nunca se hicieron efectivos.

Impulsó de forma decisiva la conquista del reino de Valencia en 1238 y participó activamente en la política real. Se implicó sobre todo en las particiones de la herencia que quedarían a los hijos que tuvo con Jaime I, tratando de enemistar al rey con Alfonso, hijo de su primer matrimonio con Leonor de Castilla.

Violante y Jaime I tuvieron cuatro hijos y cinco hijas:

Fernando, muerto joven.
Sancho, arzobispo de Toledo.
Violante, que se casaría con Alfonso X el Sabio, rey de Castilla.
Constanza, que se casaría con Manuel de Portugal.
María, que se haría religiosa.
Sancha, que moriría en peregrinaje a Tierra Santa.
Isabel, que se casaría con Felipe III de Francia.
Sus restos y los de una hija, Sancha, yacen en el presbiterio del monasterio cisterciense de Santa María de Vallbona en Cataluña.

Violant of Hungary (Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – October 1251 in Huesca) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish and Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan .

Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.

She married James I in 1235, being his second wife, and had several children:

1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X.

2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile.

3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285).

4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311).

5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250).

6. Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251).

7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France

8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun.

9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1279)

10. Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young)

Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the monastery of Santa María de Vallbona in Catalonia.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violant_of_Hungary

Violant of Hungary (Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan and Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish. Family
Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay. Her paternal grandparents were Béla III of Hungary and his first wife Agnes of Antioch. Her maternal grandparents were Peter II of Courtenay and his second wife Yolanda of Flanders.

Violant was a half-sister of Anne Marie, Empress of Bulgaria, Béla IV of Hungary, Saint Elisabeth of Hungary and Coloman of Lodomeria.

Violant's mother died in 1233, when Violant was seventeen years old. Her father remarried, to Beatrice d'Este, they had a son called Stephen. Marriage

Violant married James I in 1235, being his second wife. By the marriage, Violant became Queen Consort of Aragon. James already had one son, Alfonso by his first marriage to Eleanor of Castile. James however divorced Eleanor and decided to remarry, he chose Violant.

James and Violant had ten children:

1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alphonse X. 2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile. 3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285). 4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311). 5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250). 6. Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251). 7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France 8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun. 9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1275) 10. Eleanor of Aragon (1251-?, young)
Violant's daughter, Isabella became Queen of France by her marriage to Philip III of France. Isabella was mother of Philip IV of France and Charles of Valois.

Charles of Valois was father of Philip VI of France, Isabella, Duchess of Bourbon and Blanche, Queen of Germany.

Violant died in 1253. Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the Real Monasterio de Santa Maria de Vallbona in Vallbona de les Monges, Catalonia.

Her husband remarried one more time, to Teresa Gil de Vidaure, who was once James' mistress.

Violant of Hungary From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Violant of Hungary (Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish and Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan. Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay. She married James I in 1235, being his second wife, and had several children: 1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X. 2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile. 3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285). 4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311). 5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250). 6. Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251). 7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France 8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun. 9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1275) 10. Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young) Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the monastery of Santa María de Vallbona in Lerida.

Violant of Hungary (Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan and Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish.

Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.

She married James I in 1235, being his second wife, and had several children:

1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X.

2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile.

3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285).

4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311).

5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250).

6. Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251).

7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France

8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun.

9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1275)

10. Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young)

Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the monastery of Santa Maria de Vallbona in Lleida, Catalonia.

Violant of Hungary (Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan and Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish.
Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.

She married James I in 1235, being his second wife, and had several children:

Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alphonse X. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285). James II of Majorca (1243-1311). Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250). Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251). Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1275) Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young) Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the monastery of Santa Maria de Vallbona in Lleida, Catalonia.

Preceded by Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort of Aragon 1235–1253 Succeeded by Teresa Gil de Vidaure

Violant or Violante of Aragon, also known as Yolanda of Aragon (1236 - 1301) Queen consort of Castile and León (1252-1284).

She was born in Zaragoza, the daughter of King James I of Aragon (1213-1276) and his second wife the queen Yolande of Hungary (ca.1215-1253). Her maternal grandparents were Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.

On December 26, 1246 she married in Valladolid with the future King Alfonso X of Castile and Leon (1221-1284). Because of her youth (Violante was only 10 years old at the time of the marriage), she produced no children for several years and it was feared that she was barren. The oft-repeated claim that Alfonso almost had their marriage annulled is untrue, and they went on to have twelve children:

Fernando, died in infancy, and buried in Las Huelgas in Burgos. Berengaria of Castile (1253-after 1284). She was betrothed to Louis, the son and heir of King Louis IX of France, but her fiance died prematurely in 1260. She entered the convent in Las Huelgas, where she was living in 1284. Beatriz of Castile (1254-1280). She married William VII, Marquess of Montferrat. Ferdinand de la Cerda, Infante of Castile (October 23, 1255-July 25, 1275). He married Blanche, the daughter of King Louis IX of France, by whom he had two children. Because he predeceased his father, his younger brother Sancho inherited the throne. Leonor of Castile (1257-1275) Sancho IV of Castile (May 13, 1258-1295) Constanza of Castile (1258-August 22, 1280), a nun at Las Huelgas. Pedro of Castile (June 1260-October 10, 1283) Juan of Castile, Lord of Valencia (March or April, 1262-June 25, 1319). Isabella, died young. Violante of Castile (1265-1296). She married Diego Lopez de Haro Jaime of Castile (August 1266-August 9, 1284) She died at Roncevalles.

Wikipedia: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolanda_von_Ungarn Yolanda von Ungarn aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie Wechseln zu: Navigation, Suche

Yolanda von Ungarn (* 1219; † 9. Oktober 1251 in Huesca) war eine ungarische Adlige. Leben [Bearbeiten]

Sie war die Tochter von Andreas II. von Ungarn aus zweiter Ehe mit Jolante Courtenay (Tochter von Kaiser Peter (Lateinisches Kaiserreich)).

Sie war die zweite Ehefrau von Jakob I. von Aragonien. Sie hatten zehn Kinder. Ihre Tochter, Isabella von Aragon (* 1243; † 1271 in Cosenza) war von 1270 bis 1271 Königin von Frankreic

Violant of Hungary (Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary, c. 1216 – 1253) was Queen consort of James I of Aragon. She is also called Jolánta in Hungarian, Iolanda or Violant d'Hongria in Catalan and Yolanda or Violante de Hungría in Spanish.
Violant was a daughter of Andrew II of Hungary and Violant of Courtenay.

She married James I in 1235, being his second wife, and had several children:

1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X.

2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), infanta of Castile by her marriage to Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile.

3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285).

4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311).

5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250).

6. Sancha of Aragon (1246-1251).

7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France

8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun.

9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1275)

10. Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young)

Violant and her daughter Sancha's remains are at the monastery of Santa Maria de Vallbona in Lleida, Catalonia.

Her marriage produced 4 sons & 5 daughters.
Buried ~ Tomb is white stone on top with a cross. The lower part is darker with a symbol. It sits on top of two small pillars which has a cross on each.

Yolante Arpád married Jaime I, Rey de Aragón, son of Pedro II, Rey de Aragón and Marie de Montpellier, on 8 September 1235. She died circa October 1251.

She was the daughter of Andreas II Arpád, King of Hungary and Yolande de Courtney.1,2 She was also known as Yolande (?).
Children of Yolante Arpád and Jaime I, Rey de Aragón

Yolante de Aragón+3 d. 1300 Pedro de Ayerve3 Sancho de Aragón3 d. 1275 Constanza de Aragón+3 d. c 1269 Pedro III, Rey de Aragón+3 b. 1236, d. 1285 Isabel de Aragón+3 b. 1243, d. 28 Jan 1271 Jaime I, Rey de Majorca+3 b. 1243, d. 1311
Citations

[S16] Jirí Louda and Michael MacLagan, Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition (London, U.K.: Little, Brown and Company, 1999), table 45. Hereinafter cited as Lines of Succession. [S16] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 89. [S16] Louda and MacLagan, Lines of Succession, table 46.
En mi nuevo libro LA SORPRENDENTE GENEALOGÍA DE MIS TATARABUELOS, encontrarán a este y muchos otros de sus ancestros con un resumen biográfico de cada uno. El libro está disponible en: amazon.com barnesandnoble.com palibrio.com. Les será de mucha utilidad y diversión. Ramón Rionda

In my new book LA SORPRENDENTE GENEALOGÍA DE MIS TATARABUELOS, you will find this and many other of your ancestors, with a biography summary of each of them. The book is now available at: amazon.com barnesandnoble.com palibrio.com. Check it up, it’s worth it. Ramón Rionda

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domingo, 12 de julio de 2020

Pedro II de Aragón (1178) ♛ Ref: KA-733 |•••► #ESPAÑA 🏆🇪🇸★ #Genealogía #Genealogy

Padre: Ramón Berenguer Alfonso El Casto De Aragón, Rey De Aragón
Madre:


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19° Bisabuelo/ Great Grandfather de:
Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
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(Linea Paterna)
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Pedro II el Católico, rey de Aragón is your 19th great grandfather.
You→ Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→   Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother →  Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father → Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  D. Estefania de Requesens, III Condesa de Palamós
his mother →  Hipòlita Roís de Liori i de Montcada
her mother →  Beatriz de Montcada i de Vilaragut
her mother → Pedro de Montcada i de Luna, Señor de Villamarchante
her father →  Elfa de Luna y de Xèrica
his mother →  Elfa de Aragón Xérica y Arborea
her mother → Pedro de Aragón, de Xèrica & Llúria
her father →  Jaume II d'Aragó, baró de Xèrica
his father →  Jaume I d'Aragó, baró de Xèrica
his father → James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon
his father →  Pedro II el Católico, rey de Aragón
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Pedro 'el Católico' de Aragón, II MP
Spanish: Rey de Aragón (1196-1213), Conde de Barcelona (1196-1213), Señor de Montpellier (1204-1213) Pedro II el Católico de Aragón, Rey de Aragón
Gender: Male
Birth: between circa 1174 and circa 1176
Death: September 14, 1213 (33-43)
Muret, Haute-Garonne, Midi-Pyrénées, France
Place of Burial: Monasterio de Sijena, Huesca, Aragon, Spain
Immediate Family:
Son of Alfonso II el Casto, rey de Aragón and Sancha of Castile
Husband of N.N.; Countess Beatrix de Maurienne and María de Montpellier, reina de Aragón
Father of Constança d'Aragó, baronessa d'Aitona; Pedro del Rey, padre de Lérida; María de Aragón; Sancha d'Aragón and James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon
Brother of Constance Sicily; Alphonse II Bérenger, comte de Provence; Éléonore d'Aragon, comtesse consort de Toulouse; Sancho, Infante de Aragón; Ramón Berenguer, Infante de Aragón and 3 others
Added by: "Skip" Bremer on June 9, 2007
Managed by:   Guillermo Eduardo Ferrero Montilla and 124 others
Curated by: Victar
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Pedro II de Aragón, el Católico, rey de Aragón y conde de Barcelona entre los años 1196 y 1213, hijo del Rey Alfonso II "el Casto" de Aragón.

Renovó la infeudación de Aragón a San Pedro (que habían hecho años antes Sancho Ramírez y Pedro I), tras su coronación por el papa Inocencio III en la basílica de San Pancracio de Roma el día 4 de febrero de 1204.

Presenta el hecho resaltable de ser el primer monarca del reino que es coronado. A partir de él y por concesión de la Santa Sede por bula dictada el día 6 de junio de 1205, los monarcas aragoneses podrán coronarse, debiendo hacerlo en la Seo de Zaragoza, de manos del arzobispo de Tarragona y después de haber solicitado la corona al papa. La concesión se hizo extensiva a las reinas.

El gobierno de Pedro II es un periodo que podemos calificar de triste. Absorbido por su política internacional, tan sólo lograría recuperar alguna posición avanzada: Mora de Rubielos (1198), Manzanera (1202), Rubielos de Mora (1203), Camarena (1205), Castielfabib y Ademuz (1210). Participó en la decisiva batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa 1212 junto a castellanos y navarros.

Casado en 1204 con María de Montpellier (matrimonio forzado por intereses en el Mediodía francés), su vida familiar estuvo a punto de crear una situación de crisis sucesoria, que sin duda hubiera provocado la separación de Aragón y el condado catalán. La reina María dio un heredero, Jaime I que al menos sirvió para que la dinastía continuara en ambos territorios.

Murió el día 12 de septiembre de 1213 en Muret.

Pedro II y los albigenses ✺

Territorios vasallos de Pedro II el Católico y aliados tolosanos por los juramentos del 27 de enero de 1213, en vísperas de la Batalla de Muret

Territorios vasallos de Pedro II el Católico y aliados tolosanos por los juramentos del 27 de enero de 1213, en vísperas de la Batalla de Muret

Los intereses de Pedro el Católico se extendían por alianzas de familia a lo que más tarde se llamaría Occitania, en el Mediodía de Francia: había casado con María, heredera del conde de Montpellier, y su hermana Leonor se había unido en matrimonio con el conde Ramón VI de Tolosa. Los territorios vasallos se extendían a Ramón-Roger Trencavel, vizconde de Beziers y Carcasona.

A finales del siglo XIII la influencia del catarismo, una religión proveniente de Europa del Este y cuyos seguidores, los “cátaros”, se conocieron con la denominación de “albigenses” en razón de su profusión en la ciudad de Albi, en los territorios del condado de Toulouse y vecinos se había afianzado en las élites y clases acomodadas, amenazando la hegemonía de la Iglesia romana y despertando al mismo tiempo, por la prosperidad de aquellas, la ambición de las baronías de Isla de Francia y aliados de la corona francesa, dispuestos a servirse de cualquier excusa para intervenir en los territorios de la Langue d'oc.

El papa Inocencio III por su parte, se mostró siempre complaciente y predispuesto hacia las empresas del rey francés con quien habría de aliarse militarmente en Bouwines y a quien encomendaría la acción de castigo contra Inglaterra; por supuesto, él mismo albergaba su propio deseo de atajar la "herejía" y reducir a sus prosélitos a la obediencia a Roma. De esta comunión de intereses surgió la cruzada contra los albigenses que el papa predicó en toda la cristiandad, especialmente en Isla de Francia, y que legitimó al monarca francés para enviar contra los territorios considerados desviacionistas por Roma, un poderoso ejército mandado por Simón de Montfort. El resultado de la guerra "relámpago" llegó tras la brutal toma de Beziers, cuya matanza se hizo célebre por la frase atribuída según las crónicas, pero luego objeto de controversia entre los especialistas, a Montfort, y el sitio de Carcasona en el verano de 1209, quedando sometidas las tierras de la familia Trencavel.

El Santo Padre, otorgó el señorío de los feudos de la familia Trencavel, que lo eran del reino aragonés, a Simón, mientras éste avanzaba hacia las posesiones del conde de Toulouse.

Más tarde, por el Concilio de Letrán (1214), el papa desposeyó a Raimundo de Tolosa y a sus herederos de sus posesiones tolosanas que entregó a Simón de Montfort, quien a su vez, puso todos los territorios conseguidos al amparo del rey de Francia. Sin embargo, Raimundo hizo valer el pacto secreto acordado con Pedro II el 27 de enero de 1213 y este, tras algunas dudas, reunió finalmente un ejército con el que se presentó ante Simón de Montfort a proximidad de Muret.

Pedro II de Aragón resultó muerto al ser rápidamente alcanzado y aislado por los caballeros franceses, causando el desorden entre las fuerzas tolosanoaragonesas. La derrota de Muret supuso el abandono de las pretensiones de la corona de Aragón sobre los territorios ultrapirenáicos y de acuerdo al historiador, Michel Roquebert, el final de la posible formación de un poderoso reino aragonés-occitano que hubiera cambiado el curso de la historia de España.

Peter II the Catholic (Huesca, 1178[1] – 12 September 1213) was the King of Aragon (as Pedro II) and Count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

In the first decade of the thirteenth century he commissioned the Liber feudorum Ceritaniae, an illustrated codex cartulary for the counties of Cerdagne, Conflent, and Roussillon.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 that marked the turning point of Arab domination on the Iberian peninsula.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_II_of_Aragon

Peter II the Catholic (1174 – 12 September 1213) was the King of Aragon (as Pedro II) and Count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

In the first decade of the thirteenth century he commissioned the Liber feudorum Ceritaniae, an illustrated codex cartulary for the counties of Cerdagne, Conflent, and Roussillon.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 that marked the turning point of Arab domination on the Iberian peninsula.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

Peter II of Aragon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Peter II of Aragon (1174 – September 12, 1213), surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II) and count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He led the Christian forces to defeat the Moors at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

Peter II of Aragon (1174 – September 12, 1213), surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II) and count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He led the Christian forces to defeat the Moors at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

Peter II the Catholic (Huesca, 1178[1] – 12 September 1213) was the King of Aragon (as Pedro II) and Count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

In the first decade of the thirteenth century he commissioned the Liber feudorum Ceritaniae, an illustrated codex cartulary for the counties of Cerdagne, Conflent, and Roussillon.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 that marked the turning point of Arab domination on the Iberian peninsula.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

✺ Ancestors

Peter's ancestors in three generations Peter II of Aragon Father:

Alfonso II of Aragon Paternal Grandfather:

Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona Paternal Great-grandfather:

Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona

Paternal Great-grandmother:

Douce I of Provence

Paternal Grandmother:

Petronila of Aragon Paternal Great-grandfather:

Ramiro II of Aragon

Paternal Great-grandmother:

Agnes of Aquitaine

Mother:

Sancha of Castile Maternal Grandfather:

Alfonso VII of León and Castile Maternal Great-grandfather:

Raymond of Burgundy

Maternal Great-grandmother:

Urraca of León and Castile

Maternal Grandmother:

Richeza of Poland Maternal Great-grandfather:

Władysław II the Exile

Maternal Great-grandmother:

Agnes of Babenberg

✺ References

^ Antonio Ubieto Arteta, Creación y desarrollo de la Corona de Aragón, Zaragoza, Anubar (Historia de Aragón), 1987, págs. 187-188. ISBN 84-7013-227-X.

✺ Sources

Sumption, Jonathan. The Albigensian Crusade. 2000.

Preceded by

Alfonso II King of Aragon,

Count of Barcelona

1196–1213 Succeeded by

James I

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_II_of_Aragon"

Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_II_of_Aragon

Peter II the Catholic (Huesca, 1178[1] – 12 September 1213) was the King of Aragon (as Pedro II) and Count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

In the first decade of the thirteenth century he commissioned the Liber feudorum Ceritaniae, an illustrated codex cartulary for the counties of Cerdagne, Conflent, and Roussillon.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 that marked the turning point of Arab domination on the Iberian peninsula.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal.[expand] Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

✺ Ancestry

[show]

v • d • e

Ancestors of Peter II of Aragon

16. Ramon Berenguer II, Count of Barcelona

8. Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona

17. Maud of Apulia

4. Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona

18. Gilbert I, Count of Gévaudan

9. Douce I, Countess of Provence

19. Gerberga, Countess of Provence

2. Alfonso II of Aragon

20. Sancho V of Aragon and Navarre

10. Ramiro II of Aragon

21. Felicia of Roucy

5. Petronila of Aragon

22. William IX, Duke of Aquitaine

11. Agnes of Aquitaine

23. Philippa, Countess of Toulouse

1. Peter II of Aragon

24. William I, Count of Burgundy

12. Raymond of Burgundy

25. Etiennete

6. Alfonso VII of León and Castile

26. Alfonso VI of León and Castile

13. Urraca of León and Castile

27. Constance of Burgundy

3. Sancha of Castile

28. Bolesław III Wrymouth

14. Władysław II the Exile

29. Zbyslava of Kiev

7. Richeza of Castile

30. Leopold III, Margrave of Austria

15. Agnes of Babenberg

31. Agnes of Germany

✺ References

1. ^ Antonio Ubieto Arteta, Creación y desarrollo de la Corona de Aragón, Zaragoza, Anubar (Historia de Aragón), 1987, págs. 187-188. ISBN 84-7013-227-X.
✺ Sources

* Sumption, Jonathan. The Albigensian Crusade. 2000.
Preceded by

Alfonso II King of Aragon,

Count of Barcelona

1196–1213 Succeeded by

James I

[show]

v • d • e

Infantes of Aragon

Peter II of Aragon (1174 – September 12, 1213), surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II) and count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213.

He was the son of Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the Papacy and was crowned in Rome by Pope Innocent III, swearing to defend the Catholic faith (hence his surname, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the Pope.

On June 15, 1204 he married (as her third husband) Marie of Montpellier, daughter and heiress of William VIII of Montpellier by Eudocia Comnena. She gave him a son, James, but Peter soon discarded her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213.

He led the Christian forces to defeat the Moors at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212.

Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that Simon de Montfort had conquered Toulouse, exiling Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at Muret in September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.

The Battle of Muret began on September 12, 1213. The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a foolhardy act of bravado. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and the crusaders of Montfort won the day.

Upon Peter's death the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_II_of_Aragon

Afonso II de Aragão repartira em testamento os seus domínios pelos seus dois filhos Pedro e Afonso. O primeiro herdou a Coroa de Aragão (Aragão, Catalunha e territórios dependentes), e a Provença foi herdada por Afonso II da Provença.
Afresco do século XIII representando o papa Inocêncio IIIO acto por que Pedro II é mais famoso é a renovação da vassalagem de Aragão ao trono de S. Pedro, tal como antes o tinham feito Sancho Ramires e Pedro I. De facto, foi o primeiro monarca deste reino a ser coroado pelo papado, na igreja de S. Pancrácio em Roma a 4 de Fevereiro de 1204.

A partir do seu reinado, e por bula papal de 6 de Junho de 1205, os monarcas aragoneses passaram a poder ser coroados pela Santa Sé, devendo fazê-lo na sé de Saragoça pelo arcebispo de Tarragona, depois de solicitar a coroa ao papa. Esta concessão foi extensiva a rainhas. Por este renovar de relações com a Igreja, foi cognominado de o Católico.

En mi nuevo libro LA SORPRENDENTE GENEALOGÍA DE MIS TATARABUELOS, encontrarán a este y muchos otros de sus ancestros con un resumen biográfico de cada uno. El libro está disponible en: amazon.com barnesandnoble.com palibrio.com. Les será de mucha utilidad y diversión. Ramón Rionda

In my new book LA SORPRENDENTE GENEALOGÍA DE MIS TATARABUELOS, you will find this and many other of your ancestors, with a biography summary of each of them. The book is now available at: amazon.com barnesandnoble.com palibrio.com. Check it up, it’s worth it. Ramón Rionda

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<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Pedro II el Católico, rey de Aragón is your 21st great grandfather.
You → Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
   →  Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father →  Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  Juan de Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco
his father → Pedro de Zúñiga y Avellaneda, II conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father →  Aldonza Ochoa de Avellaneda, X Señora de Avellaneda
his mother → Constanza Ramirez De Arellano
her mother →  Constanza de Sarmiento Enríquez de Castilla
her mother →  Leonor de Castilla
her mother → Fadrique Alfonso, I señor de Haro
her father →  Alfonso XI the Just, King of Castile and León
his father →  Constance of Portugal
his mother → Saint Elizabeth of Portugal
her mother →  Pedro III el Grande, rey de Aragón
her father →  James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon
his father → Pedro II el Católico, rey de Aragón
his father
<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Pedro II de Aragón, apodado «el Católico» (Huesca, julio de 1178a - Muret, actual Francia, 13 de septiembre de 1213), fue rey de Aragón (1196-1213), conde de Barcelona (como Pedro I, 1196-1213) y señor de Montpellier (1204-1213). Era hijo de Alfonso II el Casto de Aragón y Sancha de Castilla.

Nació, casi con toda probabilidad en el mes de julio de 1178 en Huesca, ciudad en la que estaba su padre Alfonso II que ese mismo mes otorgó al menos dos documentos. Recibió el bautismo en la catedral de Huesca. Su infancia transcurrió en la capital altoaragonesa criado por su ama Sancha de Torres.

Pedro II gobernó como rey de Aragón, conde de Barcelona y señor de Montpellier; según Iglesias Costa esto suponía asumir el reconocimiento sobre Sobrarbe y Ribagorza, aunque esos títulos se omitieron desde Alfonso II.b Estos eran antiguos condados ya unidos al Reino de Aragón en tiempos de Ramiro I.

En líneas generales, el reinado de Pedro II estuvo dedicado a la política en los territorios transpirenaicos con limitados resultados y finalmente fracasada, lo que, aparte de la merma crónica de recursos financieros y el endeudamiento de la corona durante su reinado, determinó una menor atención a la frontera hispánica, logrando apenas alguna posición avanzada en territorio andalusí, como Mora de Rubielos (1198) Manzanera (1202) Rubielos de Mora (1203), Camarena (1205) y Serreilla, El Cuervo, Castielfabib y Ademuz (1210)4 c si bien jugó un papel político de apoyo a una acción cristiana conjunta que frenara la fuerza del poder almohade en la península, y participó activamente junto a Alfonso VIII de Castilla y Sancho VII de Navarra en la campaña que culminó en la batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa en 1212, un triunfo cristiano, según muchos decisivo, y de gran resonancia ya en aquellos momentos.d

Pedro II renovó la infeudación o vasallaje de Aragón a San Pedro (al igual que ya hicieran tiempo atrás Sancho Ramírez y Pedro I) con su coronación por el papa Inocencio III en el monasterio de San Pancracio de Roma en noviembre de 1204, adquiriendo también el compromiso de la concesión al Papado de una suma anual.e Esta política de legitimación papal le convirtió en el primer monarca del reino que fue coronado y ungido. A partir de él y por concesión de la Santa Sede en bula dictada el 6 de junio de 1205, los monarcas aragoneses debían ser coronados en la Seo de Zaragoza de manos del arzobispo de Tarragona tras solicitar la corona al Papa (formalidad que implicaba el permiso de Roma), haciéndose extensiva esta prerrogativa a las reinas en 1206.f

Casado en 1204 con María de Montpellier, un matrimonio guiado por sus intereses en el mediodía francés que le proporcionó la soberanía sobre la ciudad de Montpellier, su escasa vida marital estuvo a punto de crear una situación de crisis sucesoria por falta de heredero. La reina María dio finalmente un hijo, Jaime I, que garantizó la continuidad de la dinastía aunque hubo un intento de divorcio, que el Papa no concedió, para casarse con María de Montferrato, heredera nominal del reino cruzado de Jerusalén, por entonces inexistente ya en la práctica.9

Murió el 13 de septiembre de 1213 en la batalla de Muret, cerca de Toulouse.

Política occitana®
Herencia occitana®

Occitania y la Corona de Aragón en 1213, en vísperas de la batalla de Muret
Pedro II no renunció a la política en Occitania y con él se dan, a la vez, la culminación y el fracaso de esa política en la Corona de Aragón que, heredada de la casa condal de Barcelona desde el siglo xi y las campañas con ayuda de magnates ultrapirenaicos de Alfonso I de Aragón, su padre Alfonso II había acrecentado en su doble condición de Conde de Barcelona y Rey de Aragón.

Ramón Berenguer I había iniciado, en oposición a los condes de Tolosa, una política de penetración en Occitania del condado de Barcelona con la adquisición de los territorios de los condados de Carcasona y Rasés (más tarde perdidos a manos de los Trencavel), que continuó en el siglo xiii con Ramón Berenguer III y IV, consolidando su posición en la zona como condes de Provenza y obteniendo, entre 1130 y 1162, el vasallaje de numerosos señores en la zona.10 11

Alfonso II, en el contexto de la expansión almohade (que actuaba de freno a la expansión hacia el sur en la Península Ibérica), pero ahora también como primer soberano titular de la Corona de Aragón (lo que le proporcionaba una base de poder territorial más amplia) había reforzado su presencia en Occitania frente al expansionismo del condado de Tolosa y estuvo «a punto de crear un reino pirenaico que englobara las cuencas del Ebro y del Garona».11 Pedro II será quien con más decisión lo intentará hacer realidad, culminando la tradición dinástica occitana ahora en un nuevo contexto de alianzas ante el intento de expansión en la zona de otra monarquía rival, los capetos.

Política de alianzas®
Pese a que el condado de Provenza, perteneciente a la Casa de Aragón-Barcelona, había sido asignado a su hermano Alfonso II de Provenza, Pedro II mantuvo su actividad en aquel complejo tablero de intereses marcado por su atomización política, el intento de expansión francesa sobre ella, el desarrollo del catarismo y los consiguientes conflictos con el papa Inocencio III, interesado en erradicarlo e imponerse en la zona.

En 1200 concertó el matrimonio de su hermana Leonor y Raimundo VII de Tolosa. En un concilio en Bagnères-de-Luchon de 1201, Bernardo IV de Cominges se hizo vasallo del rey de Aragón, a cambio de la entrega del Valle de Arán, que pertenecía al rey católico. En 1202 se celebró la boda del conde de Tolosa con la infanta Leonor.12 En 1204, Pedro II se casó con María, heredera del conde de Montpellier, teniendo además, como vasallo, a Ramón-Roger Trencavel, vizconde de Béziers y Carcasona. Ese mismo año intervino en la zona forzando una paz entre su hermano, el conde de Provenza, y el conde de Forcalquier, aliado de Pedro II.

Asimismo se hizo feudatario de la Santa Sede en noviembre de ese mismo año, sin duda con las miras puestas en jugar un papel político en la zona desde una posición de preeminencia y legitimidad, en su condición de rey coronado por el Papa y distanciado del catarismo, contra el que tanto en Provenza como en Montpellier se tomaron algunas medidas, teniendo que sofocar en esta última ciudad una revuelta en 1206.

Por otro lado, interesado en una alianza con el Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico, comprometió a otra de sus hermanas, Constanza, con el rey de Sicilia Federico II Hohenstaufen, matrimonio que se culminó en 1210, para ser en 1212 coronadas como emperadores del Sacro Imperio.

El movimiento cátaro y la cruzada®
Artículo principal: Cruzada albigense

Dinero de Pedro II de Aragón (1205-1213). Anverso: Busto del rey coronado. Leyenda: PETRO REX. Reverso: Cruz procesional sobre vástago con florituras de ramas a los lados o «arbor ad modum Floris» (mal llamada "Encina de Sobrarbe", como se interpretó desde el siglo XVI). Leyenda a ambos lados del vástago: ARA-GON.
A lo largo de los siglos xii y xiii, la influencia del catarismo, una herejía cristiana con orígenes en Asia Menor y los Balcanes (paulicianos y bogomilos), se había ido extendiendo en el occidente latino y consolidado con fuerza en la llamada Occitania o territorios del actual mediodía francés, donde se estructuró una Iglesia cátara con varios obispados y cuyo epicentro era la zona de la ciudad de Albí, por lo que también se lo denomina movimiento albigense. La situación de coexistencia con esta iglesia rival, tolerada por los poderes de la zona (situación favorecida por la atomización del poder político y la ausencia de un centro de poder efectivo en Occitania, nunca logrado por el condado de Tolosa), amenazaba allí la hegemonía de la Iglesia romana.

Al mismo tiempo, la prosperidad occitana despertaba la ambición expansionista de la monarquía francesa de los Capetos y de sus baronías de la Isla de Francia, dispuestos a servirse de cualquier argumento para intervenir en los territorios de la Langue d'oc. Por su parte, Inocencio III encontró en la monarquía francesa el medio más favorable de atajar la «herejía» y reducir a sus prosélitos a la obediencia a Roma, por lo que se mostró siempre complaciente y predispuesto a favorecer las empresas del rey francés, a quien también apoyará en la batalla de Bouvines y en sus conflictos con Inglaterra. De esta comunión de intereses surgió la cruzada contra los albigenses que se empezó a fraguar a inicios del siglo xii y que finalmente el papa predicó en toda la cristiandad latina, con especial éxito en la Isla de Francia, legitimando al monarca francés en su política expansiva al enviar contra los territorios occitanos –considerados heréticos por Roma– un poderoso ejército mandado por Simón de Montfort bajo la denominación de Cruzada.

El inicio de la cruzada®
El acontecimiento que desató el conflicto fue el asesinato en enero de 1208 de Pierre de Castelnau, enviado a Toulouse como legado papal para mediar en nombre de Roma, que indujo al Papa a excomulgar al conde de Toulouse y promulgar la cruzada contra los albigenses.

La guerra «relámpago» en 1209 se dirigió inicialmente contra los vizcondados de la dinastía occitana Trencavel, donde se produjo la brutal toma de Béziers, con una matanza generalizada sin distinción de credo que quedó luego ilustrada en la célebre frase atribuida por las crónicas al legado papal Arnaud Amaury.g Esta fase inicial de la cruzada acabó con el sitio y la subsiguiente toma de la ciudad de Carcasona en el verano de 1209, tras lo cual le fueron otorgadas al cruzado francés Simón de Montfort, por el propio legado papal, las tierras sometidas de la familia Trencavel. Desde sus nuevas posesiones mantendría una política de ataques y asaltos a los señoríos de la zona incluido el fracasado intento de toma de Toulouse en 1211 y comenzaba la persecución y quema de cátaros a través de la Inquisición, creada expresamente por Roma en 1184 con el objetivo de erradicar la llamada herejía cátara o albigense.

Negociaciones de Pedro II®
La situación creada generó entre los poderes occitanos un sentimiento de amenaza y repulsa ante la intervención francesa y la cruzada que era propicio para que Pedro II el Católico, como rey y vasallo del papado desde 1204, pudiera obtener una posición de prestigio en la zona actuando como intercesor ante el papado y protector ante Simón de Montfort (ya en la toma de Carcasona de 1209 evitó una matanza negociando con los cruzados una expulsión de los cátaros), prestigio acrecentado con su participación exitosa contra los musulmanes en las Navas de Tolosa. Habiendo obtenido el vasallaje del conde de Toulouse, Raimundo VI, y de otros poderes de la zona, desplegó una política de pacificación concertando el matrimonio de su hijo, el futuro Jaime I, con la hija de Simón de Monfort, entregándole a este, como garantía, la tutela del joven príncipe y único heredero del linaje, que permaneció en Carcasona. Asimismo negoció con Arnaud Amaury, ahora obispo de Narbona y también presente en la campaña de las Navas, la convocatoria de un sínodo en Lavaur para intentar la reconciliación.

La batalla de Muret y la muerte del rey®
Artículo principal: Batalla de Muret
Tras el fracaso de la reconciliación entre occitanos y Simón de Montfort, Pedro II se declaró protector de los señoríos occitanos amenazados y de Toulouse. Pese a que su hijo permanecía bajo tutela en poder de Simón de Montfort y la excomunión de Inocencio III, que había optado finalmente por apoyar la causa francesa, reunió finalmente un ejército en sus reinos y territorios peninsulares con el que pasó los Pirineos y junto a los aliados occitanos puso cerco a la ciudad de Muret, donde acudió Simón de Montfort. Partiendo de una situación ventajosa en cuanto a fuerzas y avituallamientos, en la campaña, parece ser, sus huestes actuaron con precipitación y desorganización sin esperar la llegada de todos los contingentes. Resultaría muerto al ser aislado por los caballeros franceses en un combate en el que el rey ocupaba una posición de peligro en la segunda escuadra, en lugar, según era lo habitual, de situarse en la retaguardia. La muerte del rey trajo el desorden y la desbandada entre las fuerzas tolosano-aragonesas y la consiguiente derrota.13 h Muret supuso el fracaso y abandono de las pretensiones de la Corona de Aragón sobre los territorios ultrapirenaicos y, según el autor Michel Roquebert, el final de la posible formación de un poderoso reino aragonés-occitano que hubiera cambiado el curso de la historia de Francia y España.14

Excomulgado por el mismo el Papa que lo coronó, permaneció enterrado en los Hospitalarios de Toulouse, hasta que en 1217 el Papa Honorio III autorizó el traslado de sus restos al panteón real del Monasterio de Santa María de Sigena en Huesca, donde fue enterrado fuera del recinto sagrado.15

El joven Jaime, heredero de la corona de Aragón®
Muerto Pedro II, Simón de Monfort mantenía aún en custodia a Jaime, el heredero al trono, que había quedado en ese mismo año de 1213 huérfano de padre y de madre, al morir también la reina María de Montpellier con solo 33 años en Roma, donde había viajado para defender la indisolubilidad de su matrimonio.i

Ante esta situación, los nobles aragoneses y catalanes posiblemente solicitaran la restitución del joven heredero a Simón de Montfort. Se envió una embajada del reino a Roma para pedir la intervención de Inocencio III quien, en una bula y por medio del legado Pedro de Benevento, exigió contundentemente a Simón de Montfort la entrega de Jaime que se produjo finalmente en Narbona en la primavera de 1214, donde le esperaba una delegación de notables de su reino, entre los cuales se encontraba Guillem de Montredon, maestre del Temple en Aragón encargado de su tutela18 .j

Siendo un niño, Jaime I de Aragón cruzará por primera vez los Pirineos para ser, junto a su primo, Ramón Berenguer V de Provenza, formado y educado con los templarios de Aragón en Monzón, deteniéndose antes en Lérida, donde le juran fidelidad unas Cortes conjuntas de Aragón y Condado de Barcelona.



Predecesor:
Alfonso II thum
Rey de Aragón
Conde de Barcelona
1196-1213 Sucesor:
Jaime I
Predecesor:
Guillermo VIII Señor de Montpellier
(Junto con su esposa María)
1204-1213 Sucesor:
Jaime

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sábado, 4 de julio de 2020

Manfred of Sicily ♛ Ref: MS-619 |•••► #ITALIA 🏆🇮🇹★ #Genealogía #Genealogy


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20° Bisabuelo/ Great Grandfather de:
Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
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(Linea Paterna)
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Manfred of Sicily is your 20th great grandfather.of→ Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→  Dr. Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father → Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother → María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother → Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father → Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father → Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father → Isabel de Requesens
his mother → Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father → Juan de Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco
his father → Pedro de Zúñiga y Avellaneda, II conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father → Aldonza Ochoa de Avellaneda, X Señora de Avellaneda
his mother → Constanza Ramirez De Arellano
her mother → Constanza de Sarmiento Enríquez de Castilla
her mother → Leonor Enríquez de Castilla y Angulo de Córdoba
her mother → Infante Fadrique Alfonso de Castilla, I señor de Haro
her father → Alfonso XI the Just, King of Castile and León
his father → Constance of Portugal
his mother → Saint Elizabeth of Portugal
her mother → Constance II of Sicily
her mother → Manfred of Sicily
her fatherConsistency CheckShow short path | Share this path
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Manfredo de Sicilia fue el Rey de Sicilia desde 1258 hasta 1266. Era un hijo ilegítimo del emperador Federico II, pero Mateo de París informó que su madre, Bianca Lancia (o Lanzia), estuvo casada con el emperador mientras estaba en su lecho de muerte

Frederick mismo parece haber considerado a Manfred como legítimo, y por su voluntad lo nombró Príncipe de Taranto y lo nombró como el representante en Italia de su medio hermano, el rey alemán, Conrad IV. Manfred, que inicialmente llevaba el apellido de su madre, estudió en París y Bolonia y compartió con su padre un amor por la poesía y la ciencia.

A la muerte de Frederick, Manfred, aunque solo tenía unos 18 años, actuó con lealtad y vigor en la ejecución de su confianza. El reinado estaba en crisis, principalmente debido a disturbios provocados por el Papa Inocencio IV. Manfred pudo someter a numerosas ciudades rebeldes, con la excepción de Nápoles. Cuando su hermano legítimo Conrad IV apareció en el sur de Italia en 1252, desembarcando en Siponto, su autoridad fue reconocida rápida y generalmente. Nápoles cayó en octubre de 1253 en manos de Conrad. Este último, mientras tanto, había desconfiado de Manfred, despojándolo de todos sus feudos y reduciendo su autoridad al principado de Taranto.

En mayo de 1254, Conrad murió de malaria. Manfred, después de negarse a entregar Sicilia a Inocencio IV, aceptó la regencia en nombre de Conradin, el pequeño hijo de Conrad. Sin embargo, el papa fue nombrado tutor de Conradin y excomulgó a Manfred en julio de 1254. El regente decidió iniciar negociaciones con Inocencio. Por un tratado hecho en septiembre de 1254, Apulia pasó bajo la autoridad del Papa, quien fue conducido personalmente por Manfred a su nueva posesión. Pero las sospechas de Manfred despertadas por el comportamiento del séquito papal, y también molesto por la ocupación de Campania por las tropas papales, huyó a los sarracenos en Lucera. Ayudado por aliados sarracenos, derrotó al ejército papal en Foggia el 2 de diciembre de 1254, y pronto estableció su autoridad sobre Sicilia y las posesiones sicilianas en el continente. En ese año, Manfred apoyó las comunas gibelinas en Toscana, en particular Siena, a las que proporcionó un cuerpo de caballeros alemanes que más tarde fue instrumental en la derrota de Florencia en la Batalla de Montaperti. Así alcanzó el estado de patrón de la Liga Ghibelline. También en ese año murió Inocencio, sucedido por Alejandro IV, quien inmediatamente excomulgó a Manfred. Sin embargo, en 1257, Manfred aplastó al ejército papal y resolvió todas las rebeliones, imponiendo su firme dominio del sur de Italia y recibiendo el título de vicario de Conradin. quien inmediatamente excomulgó a Manfred. Sin embargo, en 1257, Manfred aplastó al ejército papal y resolvió todas las rebeliones, imponiendo su firme dominio del sur de Italia y recibiendo el título de vicario de Conradin. quien inmediatamente excomulgó a Manfred. Sin embargo, en 1257, Manfred aplastó al ejército papal y resolvió todas las rebeliones, imponiendo su firme dominio del sur de Italia y recibiendo el título de vicario de Conradin.

Al año siguiente, aprovechando el rumor de que Conradin había muerto, fue coronado rey de Sicilia en Palermo el 10 de agosto. La falsedad de este informe pronto se manifestó; pero el nuevo rey, apoyado por la voz popular, se negó a abdicar y señaló a los enviados de Conradin la necesidad de un gobernante nativo fuerte. El papa, para quien la alianza sarracena era un delito grave, declaró nula la coronación de Manfred. Sin inmutarse por la excomunión, Manfred buscó obtener el poder en el centro y norte de Italia, donde el líder gibelino Ezzelino IV da Romano había desaparecido. Llamó a vicarios en Toscana, Spoleto, Marche, Romagna y Lombardía. Después de Montaperti, fue reconocido como protector de la Toscana por los ciudadanos de Florencia, quienes homenajearon a su representante, y fue elegido "Senador de los romanos" por una facción de la ciudad.

Aterrorizado por estos procedimientos, el nuevo papa Urbano IV lo excomulgó. El papa primero trató de vender el Reino de Sicilia a Ricardo de Cornualles y su hijo, pero fue en vano. En 1263 tuvo más éxito con Charles, el conde de Anjou, un hermano del rey francés Luis IX, quien aceptó la investidura del reino de Sicilia en sus manos. Al enterarse del acercamiento de Charles, Manfred emitió un manifiesto para los romanos, en el que no solo defendió su dominio sobre Italia sino que incluso reclamó la corona imperial.

Charles' army, some 30,000 strong, entered Italy from the Col de Tende in late 1265. He soon reduced numerous Ghibelline strongholds in northern Italy and was crowned in Rome in January 1266, the pope being absent. On January 20 he set southwards and waded the Liri river, invading the Kingdom of Sicily. After some minor clashes, the rival armies met at the Battle of Benevento on February 26, 1266, and Manfred's army was defeated. The king himself, refusing to flee, rushed into the midst of his enemies and was killed. Over his body, which was buried on the battlefield, a huge heap of stones was placed, but afterwards with the consent of the pope the remains were unearthed, cast out of the papal territory, and interred on the bank of the Garigliano River, outside of the boundaries of Naples and the Papal States.

Manfred was married twice. His first wife was Beatrice, daughter of Amadeus IV, count of Savoy, by whom he had a daughter, Constance, who became the wife of King Peter III of Aragon; his second wife, who died in prison in 1271, was Helena Angelina Doukaina, daughter of Michael II Komnenos Doukas. Manfred's son-in-law Peter III became also King Peter I of Sicily from 1282 after the Sicilian Vespers expelled the French from the island again.
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Manfred Hohenstaufen, king of Sicily  MP
German: Manfred Hohenstaufen, könig von Secilien, Italian: Manfredi Hohenstaufen, re di Sicilia, Spanish: Manfredo de Hohenstaufen, rey de Sicilia
Gender: Male
Birth: 1232
Venosa, Provincia di Potenza, Basilicata, Italy
Death: February 26, 1266 (33-34)
Benevento, Campania, Italy
Immediate Family:
Son of Frederick II Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Emperor and Bianca Lancia, d'Agliano
Husband of Beatrice of Savoy and Helena Angelina Hohenstaufen
Father of Constance II of Sicily; Beatrix of Sicily, di Sicilia and Enrico di Siciliano
Brother of Constance Hohenstaufen, Anna of Sicily and Violante Sanseverino, principessa siciliana
Half brother of Henry VII Hohenstaufen, king of the Romans; Jordanus Jordan Prince Germany; Agnes von Hohenstaufen; Frederick Of Germany; Margherita di Sicilia and 10 others
Added by: Rodney Garth Dalton on October 21, 2008
Managed by: Arthur Rexford Whittaker and 17 others
Curated by: Pam Wilson, Curator
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Manfred of Sicily was the King of Sicily from 1258 to 1266. He was an illegitimate son of the emperor Frederick II, but his mother, Bianca Lancia (or Lanzia), is reported by Matthew of Paris to have been married to the emperor while on her deathbed.

Frederick himself appears to have regarded Manfred as legitimate, and by his will named him as Prince of Taranto and appointed him as the representative in Italy of his half-brother, the German king, Conrad IV. Manfred, who initially bore his mother's surname, studied in Paris and Bologna and shared with his father a love of poetry and science.

At Frederick's death, Manfred, although only about 18 years old, acted loyally and with vigour in the execution of his trust. The reign was in turmoil, mainly due to riots spurred by Pope Innocent IV. Manfred was able to subdue numerous rebel cities, with the exception of Naples. When his legitimate brother Conrad IV appeared in southern Italy in 1252, disembarking at Siponto, his authority was quickly and generally acknowledged. Naples fell in October 1253 into the hands of Conrad. The latter, in the meantime, had grown distrustful of Manfred, stripping him of all his fiefs and reducing his authority to the principality of Taranto.

In May 1254 Conrad died of malaria. Manfred, after refusing to surrender Sicily to Innocent IV, accepted the regency on behalf of Conradin, the infant son of Conrad. However, the pope having been named tutor of Conradin, he excommunicated Manfred in July 1254. The regent decided to open negotiations with Innocent. By a treaty made in September 1254, Apulia passed under the authority of the pope, who was personally conducted by Manfred into his new possession. But Manfred’s suspicions being aroused by the demeanour of the papal retinue, and also annoyed by the occupation of Campania by papal troops, he fled to the Saracens at Lucera. Aided by Saracen allies, he defeated the papal army at Foggia on December 2, 1254, and soon established his authority over Sicily and the Sicilian possessions on the mainland. In that year Manfred supported the Ghibelline communes in Tuscany, in particular Siena, to which he provided a corps of German knights that was later instrumental in the defeat of Florence at the Battle of Montaperti. He thus reached the status of patron of the Ghibelline League. Also in that year Innocent died, succeeded by Alexander IV, who immediately excommunicated Manfred. In 1257, however, Manfred crushed the papal army and settled all the rebellions, imposing his firm rule of southern Italy and receiving the title of vicar by Conradin.

The following year, taking advantage of a rumour that Conradin was dead, he was crowned king of Sicily at Palermo on August 10. The falsehood of this report was soon manifest; but the new king, supported by the popular voice, declined to abdicate and pointed out to Conradin’s envoys the necessity for a strong native ruler. The pope, to whom the Saracen alliance was a serious offence, declared Manfred’s coronation void. Undeterred by the excommunication Manfred sought to obtain power in central and northern Italy, where the Ghibelline leader Ezzelino IV da Romano had disappeared. He named vicars in Tuscany, Spoleto, Marche, Romagna and Lombardy. After Montaperti he was recognized as protector of Tuscany by the citizens of Florence, who did homage to his representative, and he was chosen "Senator of the Romans" by a faction in the city. His power was also augmented by the marriage of his daughter Constance in 1262 to Peter III of Aragon.

Terrified by these proceedings, the new Pope Urban IV excommunicated him. The pope first tried to sell the Kingdom of Sicily to Richard of Cornwall and his son, but in vain. In 1263 he was most successful with Charles, the Count of Anjou, a brother of the French King Louis IX, who accepted the investiture of the kingdom of Sicily at his hands. Hearing of the approach of Charles, Manfred issued a manifesto to the Romans, in which he not only defended his rule over Italy but even claimed the imperial crown.

Charles' army, some 30,000 strong, entered Italy from the Col de Tende in late 1265. He soon reduced numerous Ghibelline strongholds in northern Italy and was crowned in Rome in January 1266, the pope being absent. On January 20 he set southwards and waded the Liri river, invading the Kingdom of Sicily. After some minor clashes, the rival armies met at the Battle of Benevento on February 26, 1266, and Manfred's army was defeated. The king himself, refusing to flee, rushed into the midst of his enemies and was killed. Over his body, which was buried on the battlefield, a huge heap of stones was placed, but afterwards with the consent of the pope the remains were unearthed, cast out of the papal territory, and interred on the bank of the Garigliano River, outside of the boundaries of Naples and the Papal States.

Manfred was married twice. His first wife was Beatrice, daughter of Amadeus IV, count of Savoy, by whom he had a daughter, Constance, who became the wife of King Peter III of Aragon; his second wife, who died in prison in 1271, was Helena Angelina Doukaina, daughter of Michael II Komnenos Doukas. Manfred's son-in-law Peter III became also King Peter I of Sicily from 1282 after the Sicilian Vespers expelled the French from the island again.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred,_King_of_Sicily

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viernes, 29 de mayo de 2020

Eadgyth ♔ Ref: CJ-298 |•••► #REINO UNIDO 🏆🇬🇧 #Genealogía #Genealogy

Padre: Edward I (The Elder), King Of The Anglo-Saxons
Madre:


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23° Bisabuela/ Great Grandmother de:
Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
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 (Linea Materna)
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Eadgyth is your 23rd great grandmother.of→ Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→  Morella Álamo Borges
your mother → Belén Borges Ustáriz
her mother → Belén de Jesús Ustáriz Lecuna
her mother → Miguel María Ramón de Jesus Uztáriz y Monserrate
her father → María de Guía de Jesús de Monserrate é Ibarra
his mother → Teniente Coronel Manuel José de Monserrate y Urbina
her father → Antonieta Felicita Javiera Ignacia de Urbina y Hurtado de Mendoza
his mother → Isabel Manuela Josefa Hurtado de Mendoza y Rojas Manrique
her mother → Juana de Rojas Manrique de Mendoza
her mother → Constanza de Mendoza Mate de Luna
her mother → Mayor de Mendoza Manzanedo
her mother → Juan Fernández De Mendoza Y Manuel
her father → Sancha Manuel
his mother → Sancho Manuel de Villena Castañeda, señor del Infantado y Carrión de los Céspedes
her father → Manuel de Castilla, señor de Escalona
his father → Elizabeth of Swabia
his mother → Philip of Swabia
her father → Friedrich I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor
his father → Frederick II, Duke of Swabia
his father → Frederick I, duke of Swabia
his father → Friedrich von Büren, count palatine of Swabia
his father → Frederick von Buren
his father → Kunigunde von Öhningen, Pfalzgräfin in Schwaben
his mother → Princess Richlint von Sachsen, Herzogin von Schwaben
her mother → Eadgyth
her motherConsistency CheckShow short path | Share this path
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Ēadgȳð (Eadgyth) of Wessex  MP
Lithuanian: Edita, Anglijos Karalienė ir Vokietijos imperatorė
Gender: Female
Birth: between 908 and January 910
Wessex, England (United Kingdom)
Death: January 26, 946 (35-38)
Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
Place of Burial: Cathedral of Saints Catherine and Maurice (Magdeburger Dom), Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
Immediate Family:
Daughter of Edward I "the Elder", king of The Anglo-Saxons and Ælfflæd
Wife of Otto I, Holy Roman emperor
Mother of Liudolf, Duke of Swabia; Liutgarde and Princess Richlint von Sachsen, Herzogin von Schwaben
Sister of Ælfgifu; Eadwin; Æthelflæda, nun at Romsey; Ælfweard, king of the English; Eadgifu and 4 others
Half sister of Æthelstan 'the Glorious', 1st King of the English; Ælfred; Eadgyth; Saint Eadburh, Nun At Nunnaminster; Eadgifu and 2 others
Added by: Anders Helge Eriksson on February 2, 2007
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Edith of England, wife of OTTO. NB: DO NOT CHANGE NAME!

(Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Life

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]

[edit] Children

Edith and Otto's children were:

1. Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red
2. Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)
[edit] Tomb

Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The tests at Bristol will check, via isotope tests on tooth enamel, whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as history has suggested.

Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and his second wife Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

NB: Keep name as Eadgyth (Otto's wife) Edith von Sachsen (West Seaxe) to avoid mix-ups with her sisters.

Married Otto von Sachsen.

Two children:

1. Liudolf

2. Liutgarde

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadgyth

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20AngloSaxon%20&%20Danish%20Kings.htm

EADGYTH ([908/12][1680]-26 Jan 946, bur Magdeburg Cathedral). The Book of Hyde names "Edgitham et Elgimam" as fifth and sixth of the six daughters of King Eadweard by his first wife "Elfelmi comitis filia Elfleda", specifying that they were both sent to "Henrico Alemanorum imperatori" and that the former married "filio sui Othoni"[1681]. Thietmar names "Edith…daughter of King Edmund of England" when recording her marriage during the lifetime of Otto's father, in a later passage stating that she urged her husband to begin establishing the city of Magdeburg[1682]. The Annalista Saxo records the wife of Otto as "Ediht filiam Ehtmundi regis Anglorum"[1683]. Thietmar records her death 26 Jan "in the eleventh year" of the reign of her husband, after 19 years of marriage, and her place of burial[1684].

m (Sep 929) as his first wife, OTTO of Germany, son of HEINRICH I "der Vogelsteller/the Fowler" King of Germany & his second wife Mathilde --- (23 Nov 912-Memleben 7 May 973, bur Magdeburg cathedral). Associate King of Germany, with his father, 930. He was elected OTTO I "der Große" King of Germany 7 Aug 936. Crowned Emperor at Rome 2 Feb 962.

OTTO, son of HEINRICH I "der Vogelsteller/the Fowler" King of Germany & his second wife Mathilde --- (23 Nov 912-Memleben 7 May 973, bur Magdeburg Cathedral). Widukind names (in order) "Oddonem, Heinricum, Brunonem" as sons of King Heinrich & his second wife[201]. Associate King of Germany, with his father, in 930. He was elected OTTO I "der Große" King of Germany 7 Aug 936, crowned at Aachen. After his accession, the Bohemians and the Abotrites withheld payment of tribute. A revolt in Bavaria was led by Duke Eberhard, whom King Otto deposed and banished. Otto's half-brother Thankmar rebelled in Saxony with other magnates dissatisfied with the king's distribution of offices. His brother Heinrich rebelled in 939, was joined by Louis IV King of the West Franks and Giselbert Duke of Lotharingia, but was defeated at Birten and Andernach[202]. He founded the monastery of Magdeburg (later Magdeburg Cathedral), encouraged by his first wife, to which the relics of St Innocent were brought[203]. He sent armed forces which were unsuccessful in taking reprisals against Rouen in 945, after members of the local nobility had arranged the escape of Richard I Comte [de Normandie] from his captivity by Louis IV King of the Franks, his brother-in-law, a nepos (unidentified) of King Otto being killed in the battle[204]. He invaded Italy in 951, using the ill-treatment of his future second wife as an excuse, entered Pavia 23 Sep 951 and proclaimed himself king of Italy. His predecessor Berengario di Ivrea proposed himself as Otto's viceroy in Italy, which was accepted by the Council of Augsburg in Aug 952. King Otto's son Liudolf rebelled in 953, but was pardoned in 954. King Otto defeated the Magyars in battle at Lechfeld near Augsburg in 955[205], which marked the end of their marauding in Europe. Berengario King of Italy abused his position, and Otto sent Liudolf to Italy to restore order. After several further years of Berengario's tyrannical rule in Italy, Otto invaded in Aug 961 in response to requests for intervention from Pope John XII and Hubert [de Provence] Duke of Spoleto, one of Berengario's main vassals. King Otto forced Berengario's retreat to the fortress of San Leo near Montefeltro 962, finally capturing him in 963. He was crowned Emperor at Rome 2 Feb 962 by Pope John XII[206]. The necrology of Fulda records the death "973 Non Mai" of "Otto imp"[207]. Thietmar records his death at Memleben on 7 May in the thirty-eighth year after his consecration and his burial at Magdeburg[208]. The necrology of Merseburg records the death "7 May" of "Otto maior magnus imperator"[209].

m firstly (Sep 929) EADGYTH of Wessex, daughter of EDWARD "the Elder" King of Wessex & his second wife Ælfleda --- (-26 Jan 946[210], bur Magdeburg Cathedral). The Book of Hyde names "Edgitham et Elgimam" as fifth and sixth of the six daughters of King Eadweard by his first wife "Elfelmi comitis filia Elfleda", specifying that they were both sent to "Henrico Alemanorum imperatori" and that the former married "filio sui Othoni"[211]. Thietmar names "Edith…daughter of King Edmund of England" when recording her marriage during the lifetime of Otto's father, in a later passage stating that she urged her husband to begin establishing the city of Magdeburg[212]. The Annalista Saxo records the wife of Otto as "Ediht filiam Ehtmundi regis Anglorum"[213]. Thietmar records her death 26 Jan "in the eleventh year" of the reign of her husband, after 19 years of marriage, and her place of burial[214].

m secondly (Pavia [Oct/Nov] 951) as her second husband, ADELAIS of Burgundy, widow of LOTHAR King of Italy, daughter of RUDOLF II King of Burgundy [Welf] & his wife Bertha of Swabia ([928/33]-Kloster Selz, Alsace 16 Dec 999, bur Kloster Selz). Luitprand names "Adelegidam" daughter of Rudolf & Berta, when recording her marriage to "regi Lothario"[215]. Her birth date range is estimated from having given birth to one child by her first marriage before the death of her husband in 950. She claimed the kingdom of Italy on the death of her husband, as the daughter of one of the rival claimants for the throne earlier in the century. Willa, wife of Berengario di Ivrea who had been proclaimed king at Pavia 15 Dec 950, ordered Adelais's imprisonment at Como 20 Apr 951 and "afflicted her with imprisonment and hunger" according to Flodoard[216]. Otto I King of Germany used her ill-treatment as an excuse to invade Italy in Sep 951, although Adelais had succeeded in escaping 20 Aug 951 to Reggio[217]. King Otto entered Pavia 23 Sep 951, proclaimed himself King of Italy, and married Adelais as her second husband. The Annalista Saxo records "Adelheidam reginam" as "coniuge rege Lothario" when she married Otto[218]. Flodoard refers to "uxorem quoque Lotharii regis defuncti, filii Hugonis, sororem Chonradi regis" when recording her second marriage[219]. She was crowned empress at Rome with her husband 2 Feb 962[220]. "Aleidis sororis" is named in the charter of "Chuonradus rex" dated 8 Apr 962[221]. "Adelheidis imperatrix cum filia Athelheidhe abbatissa in Italiam profecta est propter quasdam discordias inter se et filium factas", although it is unclear to whom "filia Athelheidhe" refers unless this is an error for Mathilde[222]. She replaced her daughter-in-law as regent for her grandson King Otto III in 991[223]. The necrology of Fulda records the death "999 17 Kal Ian" of "Adalheid imperatrix"[224].

Mistress (1): (before 929) --- [of the Hevelli], daughter of [BA%C3%87LABI%C4%8C [Václav] Fürst der Stodoranen & his wife ---]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[225], she was the daughter of Baçlabić. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. She was a "captured Slavic noblewoman" according to Thietmar, who gives neither her name nor her parentage[226].

King Otto I & his first wife had two children:

1. LIUDOLF ([930]-Piomba 6 Sep 957, bur St Alban, near Mainz[227]). The Annales Quedlingburgenes name "Liudolfo et Liutgarde" as the two children of King Otto I and Eadgyth[228]. His birth date is estimate from Widukind stating that he "was still a tender youth no more than seventeen years of age" when his mother died[229]. His father installed him as Duke of Swabia in 950, in succession to Liudolf's father-in-law[230]. "Otto…rex" donated property "in pago Brisehguue in comitatu filii nostri Liutolfi" to Kloster Einsiedeln by charter dated 9 Aug 952[231]. He rebelled against his father, together with his brother-in-law Konrad Duke of Lotharingia, was besieged at Mainz, but escaped to capture Regensburg and expel his uncle Heinrich Duke of Bavaria[232]. His father deposed him in 954 as Duke of Swabia, but ultimately forgave his rebellion[233]. His father sent him to Italy to control Berengario di Ivrea, Viceroy in Italy, who was attempting to reassert his independence, but Liudolf died there of a fever. Thietmar places a different slant on the event, stating that Liudolf had once more rebelled against his father and left for Italy[234]. Thietmar records the death of Liudolf in Italy 6 Sep, "after scarcely a year" following his departure from his homeland, but does not specify the year[235]. The Annales Necrologici Fuldenses record the death "957 VIII Id Sep" of "Liutolf filius regis"[236]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "6 Sep" of "Liuidolfus regis filius"[237]. Regino specifies that he died in Italy and was buried in Mainz St Alban[238]. m ([27 Oct 947/7 Apr 948][239]) IDA of Swabia, daughter of HERMANN I Duke of Swabia [Konradiner] & his wife Regelinda of Swabia (-17 May 986). Widukind names "ducis Herimanni filiam Idam" as wife of Liudolf[240]. Regino records the marriage of "filiam Herimanni ducis" and "Liutolfus filius regis" in 947[241]. "Otto…rex" granted property "in comitatu Herimanni ducis Rehzia" to "abbati nostro Hartberto" at the request of "filie nostre Ite…et Hermanni comitis" by charter dated 7 Apr 948[242]. "Otto…rex" confirmed a donation by "Liutolfo nostro filio eiusque…coniuge Ita" to Kloster Reichenau for the soul of "ducis nostri beate memorie Herimanni" by charter dated 1 Jan 950[243]. The Liber Anniversariorum of Einsiedeln records in May the donation of "Siernza" by "domina Ita…uxor Luitolfi ducis"[244]. Liudolf & his wife had [three] children:

a) MATHILDE (end 949-6 Nov 1011, bur Rellinghausen). Regino records the birth of "Mathildis filia Liutolfo" at the end of 949[245]. Abbess of Essen [965]. The Liber Anniversariorum of Einsiedeln records in May the donation of "Gruonowa" by "domina Mechthilt ducissa, Liutolfi ducis et Itæ ducisse filia"[246].

b) OTTO (954-Lucca 31 Oct 982, bur Aschaffenburg St Peter and Alexander). Regino records the birth of "Liutolfo filius Otto" in 954[247]. He was appointed OTTO Duke of Swabia in 973 by his uncle King Otto II in succession to Duke Burkhard III. "Otto…imperator augustus" confirmed donations of property "de locis Ozenheim, Tetingen…in pago Moiinegouwe in comitatu Eberhardi comitis" by "nobis nepos et equivocus noster Otto dux Sweuorum" to "sancti Petri Ascaffaburg" by charter dated 29 Aug 975[248]. King Otto installed him as OTTO Duke of Bavaria in [976], after confiscating it from his cousin Heinrich II "der Zänker" Duke of Bavaria[249], although Carinthia and the Italian marches were taken from the duchy and made into the new duchy of Carinthia. "Otto…imperator augustus" donated property in Regensburg to Friedrich Archbishop of Salzburg by charter dated 21 Jul 976 after consulting "Ottonis Bauariorum ducis, nostri…fratris filii"[250]. He campaigned in Italy with his uncle King Otto II. He took part in the capture of Tarento, and in the battle 13 Jul 982 at which the German army was defeated by a Byzantine/Muslim alliance near Stilo in Calabria[251]. The death of "Otto dux egregius, filius Liudolfi, fratruelis Ottonis secundi", soon after this defeat, is recorded in the Annalista Saxo[252]. The necrology of St Gall records the death "II Kal Nov" of "Ottonis ducis Alamannie"[253]. He is presumably the "Otto dux Sueuorum" whose death is recorded "1 Nov" in The necrology of Merseburg[254].

2. LIUTGARD ([931]-18 Nov 953, bur St Alban, near Mainz). The Annales Quedlingburgenes name "Liudolfo et Liutgarde" as the two children of King Otto I and Eadgyth[255]. Widukind records her marriage to "Conrado"[256]. According to Thietmar of Merseburg, Liutgard was accused by "a certain Cono" of adultery but her name was cleared after Graf Burkhard fought her accuser in combat in her name[257]. "Otto…rex" granted property confiscated from "Hatto Aladramque fratres…in villis Bechi et Auici situm in pago Ganipi in comitatu Arnulfi" to the church of St Florin, Koblenz at the request of "ducis nostri Cuonradi eius coniugis filiæ nostræ Liutgartæ" by charter dated 22 Nov 949[258]. Regino records the death of "Liutgarda filia regis" in 953[259]. The necrology of Merseburg records the death "18 Nov" of "Liudgard filia imperatoris Ottonis"[260]. Thietmar records her burial in "the church of…Alban at Mainz"[261].

m ([947]) KONRAD "der Rote" Graf in Franconia Duke of Lotharingia [Salian], son of WERNER Graf im Nahe-, Speyer- und Wormsgau & his wife --- [Konradiner] (-killed in battle Lechfeld 10 Aug 955, bur Worms Cathedral[262]). "Conradus dux" is named husband of Liutgard when recording their marriage in 949[263]. He rebelled against his father-in-law, together with his brother-in-law Liudolf Duke of Swabia, but was ultimately forgiven although deposed as Duke of Lotharingia. Thietmar records that Duke Konrad, son-in-law of Emperor Otto I, was killed fighting the Magyars near Augsburg and that he was buried at Worms[264].

--------------------------

Life

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]

Children

Edith and Otto's children were:

1. Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red
2. Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)
Tomb

Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The tests at Bristol will check, via isotope tests on tooth enamel, whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as history has suggested.

-----------------------------

Rather inconclusive piece about finding her remains (maybe) in Magdeburg Cathedral.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8467870.stm

Eadgyth (?) (1)

F, #102451, d. 26 January 946

Last Edited=3 Dec 2005

Eadgyth (?) was the daughter of Eadweard I, King of Wessex and Ælflæd (?). (2) She married Otto I von Sachsen, Holy Roman Emperor, son of Heinrich I von Sachsen, Holy Roman Emperor and Matilda of Ringelheim, between 925 and 930. (3)
She died on 26 January 946 at Germany. (4), (1) She was buried at Cathedral of St. Maurice, Magdeburg, Germany. (3)

Eadgyth (?) was also known as Edith (?). (3)
Children of Eadgyth (?) and Otto I von Sachsen, Holy Roman Emperor

-1. Richilde von Sachsen+

-2. Liudolf, Duke of Swabia+ (3) d. 957

-3. Liutgarde von Sachsen+ (3)

-4. Otto II von Sachsen, Holy Roman Emperor+ (5) d. 983

Forrás / Source:

http://www.thepeerage.com/p10246.htm#i102451

Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

King Athelstan of England sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history. (According to the entry for Boleslaus II of Bohemia, Adiva was his wife.)

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald, and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor.

Eadgyth

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ædgyth or Edith of England (910 - 26 January 946) was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd.

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

King Athelstan of England sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history. (According to the entry for Boleslaus II of Bohemia, Adiva was his wife.)

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald, and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor.

Edith and Otto's children were:

Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red

Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6, 957)

Her tomb is located at the Cathedral of Magdeburg.

Edith of England (910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd.

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

King Athelstan of England sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history. (According to the entry for Boleslaus II of Bohemia, Adiva was his wife.)

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald, and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor.

Edith and Otto's children were:

Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red

Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6, 957)

Her tomb is located at the Cathedral of Magdeburg.

Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Life

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]

Children

Edith and Otto's children were:

Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red

Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)

Tomb

Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The tests at Bristol will check, via isotope tests on tooth enamel, whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as history has suggested

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadgyth

Eadgyth

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

For other people named Eadgyth, see Eadgyth (disambiguation).

A statue in the Cathedral of Magdeburg that is often assumed to represent Otto and Edith

Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Contents

[show]

* 1 Life
* 2 Children
* 3 Tomb
* 4 Ancestry
* 5 References
* 6 Sources
* 7 External links
[edit] Life

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.

In 936 King Henry I of Germany died and his eldest son, Eadgyth's husband, was crowned at Aachen as King Otto I. There is a surviving report of the ceremony by Widukind of Corvey which makes no mention of his wife having been crowned at this point, but according to Thietmar of Merseburg's chronicle Eadgyth was nevertheless anointed as queen, albeit in a separate ceremony. As queen, Eadgyth undertook the usual state duties of "First lady": when she turns up in the records it is generally in connection with gifts to the state's favoured monasteries or memorials to female holy women and saints. In this respect she seems to have been more diligent than her now widowed and subsequently sainted mother-in-law Queen Matilda whose own charitable activities only achieve a single recorded mention from the period of Eadgyth's time as queen. There was probably rivalry between the Benedictine Monastery of St Maurice founded at Magdeburg by Otto and Eadgyth in 937, a year after coming to the throne and Matilda's foundation at Quedlinburg Abbey, intended by her as a memorial to her husband, the late King Henry I.

Eadgyth accompanied her husband on his travels, though not during battles. She spent the hostilities of 939 at Lorsch Abbey

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]

Eadgyth's death at a relatively young age was unexpected.

[edit] Children

Edith and Otto's children were:

1. Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red
2. Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)
[edit] Tomb

Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The investigations at Bristol, applying isotope tests on tooth enamel, checked whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as written history has indicated.[1][2] Testing on the bones revealed that they are the remains of Eadgyth, from study made of the enamel of the teeth in her upper jaw.[3] Testing of the enamel revealed that the individual entombed at Magdeburg had spent time as a youth in the chalky uplands of Wessex.[4]

"Tests on these isotopes can give a precise record of where the person lived up to the age of 14," noted The Times of London in its story on the testing. "In this case they showed that the woman in the casket had spent the first years of her life drinking water that came from springs on the chalk hills of southern England. This matched exactly the historical records of Eadgyth’s early life."[5]

The bones "are the oldest surviving remains of an English royal burial," Bristol University announced in a press release.[6]

References

1. ^ a b Kennedy, Maev (20 January 2010). "Remains of Alfred the Great's granddaughter returned / Coming home: the Saxon queen lost for 1,000 years". The Guardian (London): pp. 5. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/jan/20/alfred-great-granddaughter-remains-wessex. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
2. ^ Satter, Raphael G. (20 Jan 2010). "Discovery News". Bones of early English princess found in Germany. http://news.discovery.com/archaeology/english-princess-bones.html. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
3. ^ German cathedral bones 'are Saxon queen Eadgyth, BBC News, 16 June 2010
4. ^ Remains of first king of England's sister found in German cathedral, The Guardian, 17 June 2010
5. ^ The Times, Simon de Bruxelles, 17 June 2010
6. ^ Bones confirmed as those of Saxon Princess Eadgyth, University of Bristol, 17 June 2010
[edit] Sources

* Freytag von Loringhoven, Baron. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 1965.
* Klaniczay, Gábor. Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses, 2002.
[edit] External links

Familypedia.jpg Eadgyth of Wessex (910-946) on Familypedia

* The life of an Anglo-Saxon princess, Michael Wood, The Guardian, 17 June 2010
* How the study of teeth is revealing our history, Mike Pitts, The Guardian, 17 June 2010
This page was last modified on 26 July 2010 at 18:28.

Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð; 910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Contents [hide]

1 Life

2 Children

3 Tomb

4 References

5 Sources

[edit]Life

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]

[edit]Children

Edith and Otto's children were:

Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red

Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)

[edit]Tomb

Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The tests at Bristol will check, via isotope tests on tooth enamel, whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as history has suggested.[1][2]

[edit]References

^ a b Kennedy, Maev (20 January 2010). "Guardian.co.uk" (in English). Remains of Alfred the Great's granddaughter returned / Coming home: the Saxon queen lost for 1,000 years (Guardian): pp. 5. Retrieved 20 January 2010.

^ Satter, Raphael G. (20 Jan 2010). "Discovery News" (in English). Bones of early English princess found in Germany. Retrieved 21 January 2010.

[edit]Sources

Freytag von Loringhoven, Baron. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 1965.

Klaniczay, Gábor. Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses, 2002.

Preceded by

Matilda of Ringelheim Queen consort of Germany

936 – 946 Succeeded by

Adelaide of Italy

Preceded by

Matilda of Ringelheim Duchess consort of Saxony

2 July 936 – 26 January 946 Succeeded by

Adelaide of Italy

Edith of England (910 - 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd.

Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex and his wife Ealhswith.

King Athelstan of England sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history. (According to the entry for Boleslaus II of Bohemia, Adiva was his wife.)

Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald, and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor.

Edith and Otto's children were:

Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red

Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6, 957)

Her tomb is located at the Cathedral of Magdeburg.

EadgythFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other people named Eadgyth, see Eadgyth (disambiguation). A statue in the Cathedral of Magdeburg that is often assumed to represent Otto and Edith Edith of England (Old English: Ēadgȳð) (910 – 26 January 946), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England and Ælfflæd, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Contents [hide]
1 Life

2 Children
3 Tomb
4 Ancestry
5 References
6 Sources
7 External links
[edit] Life Her paternal grandparents were Alfred the Great, King of Wessex, and his wife Ealhswith.

In order to seal an alliance between two Saxon kingdoms, her half-brother, King Athelstan of England, sent two of his sisters to Germany, instructing the Duke of Saxony (later Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) to choose whichever one pleased him best. Otto chose Edith and married her in 929. The remaining sister Algiva or Adiva was married to a "king near the Jupiter mountains" (the Alps). The precise identity of this sister is debated. She may have been Eadgifu of England, who married King Charles III of France, or another sister otherwise unknown to history.
In 936 King Henry I of Germany died and his eldest son, Eadgyth's husband, was crowned at Aachen as King Otto I. There is a surviving report of the ceremony by Widukind of Corvey which makes no mention of his wife having been crowned at this point, but according to Thietmar of Merseburg's chronicle Eadgyth was nevertheless anointed as queen, albeit in a separate ceremony. As queen, Eadgyth undertook the usual state duties of "First lady": when she turns up in the records it is generally in connection with gifts to the state's favoured monasteries or memorials to female holy women and saints. In this respect she seems to have been more diligent than her now widowed and subsequently sainted mother-in-law Queen Matilda whose own charitable activities only achieve a single recorded mention from the period of Eadgyth's time as queen. There was probably rivalry between the Benedictine Monastery of St Maurice founded at Magdeburg by Otto and Eadgyth in 937, a year after coming to the throne and Matilda's foundation at Quedlinburg Abbey, intended by her as a memorial to her husband, the late King Henry I.
Eadgyth accompanied her husband on his travels, though not during battles. She spent the hostilities of 939 at Lorsch Abbey
Like her brother, Athelstan, Edith was devoted to the cult of Saint Oswald and was instrumental in introducing this cult into Germany after her marriage to the emperor. Her lasting influence may have caused certain monasteries and churches in Saxony to be dedicated to this saint.[1]
Eadgyth's death at a relatively young age was unexpected.
[edit] Children Edith and Otto's children were:
1.Liutgarde, married Conrad the Red
2.Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (930-September 6 957)
[edit] Tomb Her tomb is located in the Cathedral of Magdeburg. A lead coffin inside a stone sarcophagus with her name on it was found and opened in 2008 by archaeologists during work on the building. An inscription recorded that it was the body of Eadgyth, reburied in 1510. It was examined in 2009, then brought to Bristol, England, for tests in 2010. Professor Mark Horton of Bristol University said that "this may prove to be the oldest complete remains of an English royal." The investigations at Bristol, applying isotope tests on tooth enamel, checked whether she was born and brought up in Wessex and Mercia, as written history has indicated.[1][2] Testing on the bones revealed that they are the remains of Eadgyth, from study made of the enamel of the teeth in her upper jaw.[3] Testing of the enamel revealed that the individual entombed at Magdeburg had spent time as a youth in the chalky uplands of Wessex.[4]
"Tests on these isotopes can give a precise record of where the person lived up to the age of 14," noted The Times of London in its story on the testing. "In this case they showed that the woman in the casket had spent the first years of her life drinking water that came from springs on the chalk hills of southern England. This matched exactly the historical records of Eadgyth’s early life."[5]
The bones "are the oldest surviving remains of an English royal burial," Bristol University announced in a press release.[6]
Following the tests the bones shall be re-interred in Magdeburg Cathedral on 22 October 2010.
[edit] References 1.^ a b Kennedy, Maev (20 January 2010). "Remains of Alfred the Great's granddaughter returned / Coming home: the Saxon queen lost for 1,000 years". The Guardian (London): pp. 5. Retrieved 20 January 2010.

2.^ Satter, Raphael G. (20 January 2010). "Discovery News". Bones of early English princess found in Germany. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
3.^ German cathedral bones 'are Saxon queen Eadgyth, BBC News, 16 June 2010
4.^ Remains of first king of England's sister found in German cathedral, The Guardian, 17 June 2010
5.^ The Times, Simon de Bruxelles, 17 June 2010
6.^ Bones confirmed as those of Saxon Princess Eadgyth, University of Bristol, 17 June 2010
[edit] Sources Freytag von Loringhoven, Baron. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, 1965.
Klaniczay, Gábor. Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses, 2002.
[edit] External links Eadgyth of Wessex (910-946) on Familypedia
The life of an Anglo-Saxon princess, Michael Wood, The Guardian, 17 June 2010

How the study of teeth is revealing our history, Mike Pitts, The Guardian, 17 June 2010
Preceded by
Matilda of Ringelheim Queen consort of Germany
936–946 Succeeded by
Adelaide of Italy
Preceded by

Matilda of Ringelheim Duchess consort of Saxony
2 July 936 – 26 January 946 Succeeded by
Adelaide of Italy
Categories: 910 births | 946 deaths | Anglo-Saxon women | Ottonian Dynasty | German queens consort | Women of medieval Germany | Burials at the Cathedral of Magdeburg | Duchesses of Saxony New features

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Prinsesse av England.

Kilder:

Dictionary of National Biography. Mogens Bugge: Våre forfedre, nr. 215. Bent og Vidar Billing Hansen: Rosensverdslektens forfedre, side 67, 103.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadgyth
Born in 910, died in 946.
Her Grandfather was Alfred of England and her ftaher was Edward, king of England. After the divorce of her parents 919 she moved into a convent in Salisbury.

Married in 929AC at age 19 to Otto of Germany, who gave her the City of Magdeburg in morning gift. Otto was crowned kejser by the Pope in 946 just after her death. Buried in the Dom of Magdeburg, Germany. To be reburied in a coffin of Titanium and Silver, designed by Kornelia Thümmel. Source: ritzau/dpa

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Otto I, Holy Roman emperor
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Liudolf, Duke of Swabia
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Edward I "the Elder", king of Th...
father

Ælfflæd
mother

Ælfgifu
sister

Eadwin
brother

Æthelflæda, nun at Romsey
sister

Ælfweard, king of the English
brother

Eadgifu
sister

Æthelhild, Nun at Wilton
sister
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Eadgyth
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Para otras personas llamadas Eadgyth, vea Eadgyth (desambiguación) .
Eadgyth
Edita 250.jpg
Detalle de una estatua gótica en la catedral de Magdeburgo que se supone que representa a Edith
Reina consorte de Alemania
Tenencia 2 de julio de 936 - 26 de enero de 946
Nacido 910
Murió 26 de enero de 946 (de 35 a 36 años)
Magdeburgo , Sajonia
Entierro Catedral de magdeburg
Esposa Otto I, Sacro Emperador Romano
Problema Liutgarde, duquesa de Lorena
Liudolf, duque de Suabia
Casa Wessex
Padre Edward el viejo
Madre Ælfflæd
Edith de Inglaterra , también escrito Eadgyth o Ædgyth ( Inglés Antiguo : Ēadgȳð , alemán : Edgitha ; 910 - 26 de enero 946), un miembro de la Casa de Wessex , fue reina alemana de 936, por su matrimonio con el rey Otón I .


Contenido
1 Vida
2 Niños
3 Tumba
4 4 Referencias
5 5 Fuentes
6 6 enlaces externos
La vida
Edith nació del actual rey inglés Edward the Elder por su segunda esposa, Ælfflæd , y por lo tanto era una nieta del rey Alfred el Grande . Ella tenía una hermana mayor, Eadgifu .

A pedido del rey franco oriental Henry the Fowler , que deseaba reclamar la igualdad y sellar la alianza entre los dos reinos sajones, su medio hermano, el rey Ethelstan, envió a sus hermanas Edith y Edgiva a Alemania . El hijo mayor de Henry y heredero del trono, Otto, recibió instrucciones de elegir el que más le agradara. Otto eligió a Edith, según Hrotsvitha, una mujer "de puro semblante noble, carácter elegante y apariencia verdaderamente real", y se casó con ella en 930.


Otto I y su esposa Edith llegan cerca de Magdeburgo (Hugo Vogel 1898, Ständehaus Merseburg)
En 936, Henry Fowler murió y su hijo mayor, Otto, el esposo de Edith, fue coronado rey en la Catedral de Aquisgrán . Un informe sobreviviente de la ceremonia del cronista medieval Widukind de Corvey no menciona que su esposa haya sido coronada en este momento, pero según la crónica del obispo Thietmar de Merseburg , Eadgyth fue ungida como reina, aunque en una ceremonia separada.

Como reina consorte, Edith asumió los deberes estatales habituales de una "Primera Dama": cuando aparece en los registros, generalmente se relaciona con obsequios a los monasterios o memoriales favoritos del estado para mujeres santas y santas. A este respecto, parece haber sido más diligente que su suegra viuda y posteriormente sagrada, la Reina Matilda , cuyas propias actividades caritativas solo logran una sola mención registrada del período de la época de Eadgyth como reina. Probablemente hubo rivalidad entre el Monasterio Benedictino de San Mauricio fundado en Magdeburgo por Otto y Eadgyth en 937, un año después de llegar al trono, y la fundación de Matilda, la Abadía de Quedlinburg., pensada por ella como un monumento a su esposo, el difunto rey Henry. Edith acompañó a su esposo en sus viajes, aunque no durante las batallas. Mientras Otto luchaba contra los duques rebeldes Eberhard de Franconia y Gilbert de Lorraine en 939, ella pasó las hostilidades en la abadía de Lorsch .

Al igual que su hermano, Ethelstan, Edith se dedicó al culto de su antepasado San Oswald de Northumbria y fue instrumental en la introducción de este culto en Alemania después de su matrimonio con el emperador. Su influencia duradera puede haber causado que ciertos monasterios e iglesias en el Ducado de Sajonia se dedicaran a este santo. [1]

La muerte de Eadgyth en 946 a una edad relativamente joven, de unos treinta años, fue inesperada. Otto aparentemente lloró la pérdida de un amado cónyuge. Se casó con Adelaida de Italia en 951.

Niños
Los hijos de Edith y Otto fueron:

Liudolf, duque de Suabia (930 - 6 de septiembre de 957)
Liutgarde (931 - 18 de noviembre de 953), se casó con el duque de Lotharingian Conrad the Red en 947
ambos enterrados en la abadía de St. Alban, Maguncia .

Tumba

Ver dentro del ataúd de plomo
Inicialmente enterrada en el monasterio de St Maurice, la tumba de Edith desde el siglo XVI se encuentra en la catedral de Magdeburgo . Considerado durante mucho tiempo como un cenotafio , los arqueólogos encontraron y abrieron un ataúd de plomo dentro de un sarcófago de piedra con su nombre en 2008 durante el trabajo en el edificio. Una inscripción registraba que era el cuerpo de Eadgyth, enterrado nuevamente en 1510. Los huesos fragmentados e incompletos fueron examinados en 2009, y luego llevados a Bristol , Inglaterra, para pruebas en 2010.

Las investigaciones en Bristol, aplicando pruebas de isótopos en el esmalte dental, verificaron si ella nació y se crió en Wessex y Mercia , como lo indica la historia escrita. [1] [2] Las pruebas en los huesos revelaron que son los restos de Eadgyth, según un estudio realizado sobre el esmalte de los dientes en la mandíbula superior. [3] Las pruebas del esmalte revelaron que el individuo sepultado en Magdeburgo había pasado un tiempo en su juventud en las tierras altas calcáreas de Wessex . [4] [5] Los huesos son los más antiguos encontrados de un miembro de la realeza inglesa. [6]

Después de las pruebas, los huesos fueron enterrados nuevamente en un nuevo ataúd de titanio en su tumba en la Catedral de Magdeburgo el 22 de octubre de 2010. [7]

Referencias
 Kennedy, Maev (20 de enero de 2010). "Restos de la nieta de Alfred el Grande regresó / Regreso a casa: la reina sajona perdió por 1,000 años". The Guardian. Londres. pags. 5. Consultado el 20 de enero de 2010.
 Satter, Raphael G. (20 de enero de 2010). "Noticias de descubrimiento" . Huesos de la primera princesa inglesa encontrados en Alemania . Archivado desde el original el 23 de enero de 2010 . Consultado el 21 de enero de 2010 . Recuperado de Internet Archive el 14 de febrero de 2014.
 Los huesos de la catedral alemana son la reina sajona Eadgyth, BBC News, 16 de junio de 2010 Recuperado de Internet Archive 14 de febrero de 2014.
 Restos de la hermana del primer rey de Inglaterra encontrados en la catedral alemana, The Guardian, 17 de junio de 2010
 The Times , Simon de Bruxelles, 17 de junio de 2010
 Huesos confirmados como los de la princesa sajona Eadgyth, Universidad de Bristol, 17 de junio de 2010
 Königin Editha im Magdeburger Dom bestattet en: Spiegel Online vom 22. Octubre de 2010
Fuentes
Freytag von Loringhoven, barón. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten , 1965.
Klaniczay, Gábor. Reglas santas y princesas bendecidas , 2002.
Enlaces externos
La vida de una princesa anglosajona, Michael Wood, The Guardian , 17 de junio de 2010
Cómo el estudio de los dientes revela nuestra historia, Mike Pitts, The Guardian , 17 de junio de 2010
Eadgyth
House of Wessex
Nació: 910 Murió: 26 de enero de 946
Precedido por
Matilda de Ringelheim Reina consorte de Alemania
2 de julio de 936 - 26 de enero de 946 Sucedido por
Adelaida de Italia
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