John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster ★ |•••► #Belgica #Genealogia #Genealogy

John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster is your 16th great uncle.
You → Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo 
   →  Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father →  Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  Juan de Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco
his father → Pedro de Zúñiga y Avellaneda, II conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father →  Diego López de Zúñiga y Guzmán, I conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father → D. Pedro López de Zúñiga y García de Leyva, I Conde de Ledesma, Conde de Plasencia
his father → Dª. Juana García de Leyva, Señora de Hacinas, Quintanilla y Villavaquerín
his mother →  Juan Martínez de Leyva, III
her father →  Isabella Plantagenet
his mother → Edward III of England
her father →  John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
his son
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John of Gaunt (Ghent), 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG

Successor: Henry IV Bolingbroke, King of England (2nd Duke of Lancaster and of Aquitaine)

Spouse:

Blanche of Lancaster

m. 1359; dec. 1369

Infanta Constance of Castile

m. 1371; dec. 1394

Katherine Swynford

m. 1396; wid. 1399

Issue:

Philippa, Queen of Portugal

Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter

Henry IV Bolingbroke, King of England

Catherine, Queen of Castile

John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset

Cardinal Henry Beaufort

Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter

Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland

House House of Plantagenet (by birth)

House of Lancaster (founder)

Father Edward III of Windsor, King of England

Mother Philippa of Hainault

Born 6 March 1340(1340-03-06)

Ghent, Belgium

Died 3 February 1399 (aged 58)

Leicester Castle, Leicestershire

Burial St Paul's Cathedral, City of London

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"John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was called "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent, then rendered in English as Gaunt. When he became unpopular later in life, scurrilous rumours and lampoons circulated that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher, perhaps because Edward III was not present at the birth. This story always drove him to fury. As a younger brother of Edward, Prince of Wales (Edward, the Black Prince), John exercised great influence over the English throne during the minority of his nephew, Richard II, and during the ensuing periods of political strife, but was not thought to have been among the opponents of the king.

John of Gaunt's legitimate male heirs, the Lancasters, included Kings Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. His other legitimate descendants included, by his first wife, Blanche, his daughters Queen Philippa of Portugal and Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter; and by his second wife, Constance, his daughter Queen Catherine of Castile. John fathered five children outside marriage, one early in life by a lady-in-waiting to his mother, and four surnamed "Beaufort" (after a former French possession of the Duke) by Katherine Swynford, Gaunt's long-term mistress and third wife. The Beaufort children, three sons and a daughter, were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married in 1396; a later proviso that they were specifically barred from inheriting the throne, the phrase excepta regali dignitate (English: except royal status), was inserted with dubious authority by their half-brother Henry IV. Descendants of this marriage included Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester and eventually Cardinal; Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, grandmother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III; John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, the grandfather of Margret Beaufort, the mother of King Henry VII; and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots, from whom are descended, beginning in 1437, all subsequent sovereigns of Scotland, and successively, from 1603 on, the sovereigns of England, of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the United Kingdom to the present day. The three succeeding houses of English sovereigns from 1399—the Houses of Lancaster, York and Tudor—were descended from John through Henry Bolingbroke, Joan Beaufort and John Beaufort, respectively.

Lancaster's eldest son and heir, Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford, was exiled for ten years by King Richard II in 1398 as resolution to a dispute between Hereford and Thomas de Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk. When John of Gaunt died in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the crown as King Richard II named Hereford a traitor and commuted his sentence to exile for life.

Henry Bolingbroke returned from exile to reclaim his inheritance and depose Richard. Bolingbroke then reigned as King Henry IV of England (1399–1413), the first of the descendants of John of Gaunt to hold the throne of England. Due to some generous land grants, John was not only one of the richest men in his era, but also one of the wealthiest men to have ever lived. Taking into account inflation rates, John was worth a modern equivalent of $110 billion, making him the sixteenth richest man in history"

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other links:

http://www.britannia.com/bios/royals/jgdklanc.html

http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=28331470

http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=942

http://genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00000812&tree=LEO

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I465&tree=EuropeRoyalNobleHous

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I103&tree=Nixon

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I80355&tree=Welsh

http://www.mathematical.com/gauntjohn1340.htm (which gives his baptism date as his birth date)

http://www.nndb.com/people/826/000094544/

http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/printable/14843

http://www.royalist.info/execute/biog?person=6

http://www.thepeerage.com/p10188.htm#i101878

http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm

====================================================================
Citations / Sources:

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 98-102. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.

[S13] #379 [7th edition, 1992] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, Who Came to America Before 1700: the Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants (7th edition, 1992), Weis, Frederick Lewis, (7th edition. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, c1992), FHL book 974 D2w 1992., p. 3 line 1:31, p. 4 line 1A:31.

[S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. 2 p. 535.

[S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., vol. 1 p. 1196.

[S35] #244 The History and Antiquities of the County of Northampton (1822-1841), Baker, George, (2 volumes. London: J. B. Nichols and Son, 1822-1841), FHL book Q 942.55 H2bal; FHL microfilm 962,237 ite., vol. 1 p. 54, 55.

[S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. 1885-1900. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. 29 p. 417-427 vol. 4 p. 41.

[S40] Handbook of British Chronology (1986), Fryde, E. B., editor, (Royal Historical Society guides and handbooks, no. 2. London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 1986), FHL book 942 C4rg no. 2., p. 40.

[S44] #242 [1846 edition] A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland & Scotland, extinct, dormant, & abeyance, Burke, John, (London : Henry Colburn, 1846), 942 D22bua 1846., p. 38.

[S46] #8356 The Ligon Family and Connections (1947-1973), Ligon, William D. (William Daniel Ligon, Jr.), (3 volumes. New York: W.D. Ligon Jr, c1947-c1973 (Hartford, Conn.: Bond Press)), p. 127.

[S47] #688 Collectanea topographica et genealogica (1834-1843), (8 volumes. London: J.B. Nichols, 1834-1843), FHL book 942 B2ct; FHL microfilms 496,953 item 3 a., vol. 1 p. 297, 302.

[S49] Foundations: Journal of the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, (Periodical. Chobham, Surrey, England: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, 2005- Published twice yearly.), vol. 1 no. 5 2005 p. 310.

[S77] #33 An Official Genealogical and Heraldic Baronage of England (filmed 1957), Paget, Gerald, (Typescript, filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1957), FHL microfilm 170,063-170,067., no. 406, Nevill, Earls of Salisbury & Warwick.

[S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. 1 p. 160, 24 243-244, 248, 259-260 vol. 2 p. 242, table 2 pt. 2.

[S117] #227 The History and Antiquities of the County of Hertford (1815-1827), Clutterbuck, Robert, (3 volumes. London: Nichols, Son and Bentley, 1815-1827), FHL book Q 942.58 H2c; FHL microfilms 899,855-899,., vol. 3 p. 31.

[S266] #379 [7th edition, 1992] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, Who Came to America Before 1700 (7th edition, 1992), Weis, Frederick Lewis, (7th edition. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, c1992), FHL book 974 D2w 1992., p. 3 line 1:31, p. 4 line 1A:31.

[S673] #1079 A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time (1904-1993), Bradney, Sir Joseph Alfred, (Publications of the South Wales Record Society, number 8. Five volumes in 13. London: Mitchell, Hughes and Clarke, 1904-1993), FHL book 942.43 H2b., vol. 1 p. 6*; vol. 2 p. 25*.

[S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I.

[S735] Richard III, Ross, Charles Derek, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981), JWML book DA260 .R67 1981., p. 238.

[S743] John of Gaunt, King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln and Leicester, Seneschal of England (1904, reprint 1964), Armitage-Smith, Sidney, (1904. Reprint, New York: Barnes and Noble, Inc., 1964), JWML book DA 247 J6 A7 1964., p. 2, 14, 407, 460-462.

[S744] #788 County Genealogies: Pedigrees of Essex Families (19--?, filmed 1965), Berry, William, ([S.l.: Sherwood, Gilbert & Piper, 19--?]. Salt Lake City: Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1965), FHL book Q 942.67 D2bw; FHL microfilm 452,530 item., p. 71.

[S745] #1600 Memorials of the Family of Tufton, Earls of Thanet: Deduced from Various Sources of Authentic Information (1880), Pocock, Robert, (Gravesend: R. Pocock, 1880), FHL book 929.242 T816p., p. 31.

[S1301] #243 [2nd ed. 1844, reprint 1977] A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland (second edition, 1841, reprint 1977), Burke, John, (Second edition, 1844. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1977), FHL book 942 D22bu 1977; FHL microfilm 994,038 ite., p?.

[S1886] #89 A Genealogical History of the Kings of England, and Monarchs of Great Britain, & C. From the Conquest, Anno 1066 to the Year, 1677, Sandford, Francis Esq., (London: Thomas Newcomb, 1677), FHL microfilm 599,670 item 3., p. 312, 313.

[S1888] The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Editor: George Burnett, (H.M. General Register House Edinburgh), Film: 994052., vol. 4 p. lxxxv.

[S2318] #1210 The Family of Griffith of Garn and Plasnewydd in the County of Denbigh, as Registered in the College of Arms from the Beginning of the XIth Century (1934), Glenn, Thomas Allen, (London: Harrison, 1934), FHL book 929.2429 G875g; FHL microfilm 994,040 ite., p. 221 fn. 1.

[S2411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 5 p. E5; book 6 p. F3*, 9*.

[S2420] #11886 The Golden Grove books of pedigrees (filmed 1970), (Manuscript, National Library of Wales manuscript number Castell Gorfod 7. Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,349-104,351., book 9 p. G1187.

[S2434] #2105 Heraldic Visitations of Wales and Part of the Marches Between the Years 1586 and 1613 by Lewys Dwnn (1846), Dwnn, Lewys; transcribed and edited with notes by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, (2 volumes. Llandovery: William Rees, 1846), FHL book 942.9 D23d; FHL microfilm 176,668., vol. 2 p. 108.

[S2670] #4372 History of Maunsell, or Mansel . . . (1903), Maunsell, Robert George, (Cork: Guy, 1903), FHL book 929.242 M444m; FHL microfilm 990,078 Item., p. 40.

[S4687] Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, Authors Vary, (London: Hamilton, Adams, 1868-1938), FHL 942 B2m., 3rd ser. vol. 4 p. 17.

John of Gaunt Memorial

Birth: Mar. 6, 1340 Ghent Arrondissement Gent East Flanders (Oost-Vlaanderen), Belgium Death: Feb. 3, 1399 Leicester Leicester Unitary Authority Leicestershire, England

English Royalty. 1st Duke of Lancaster. Born the fourth son of Edward III Plantagenet and Queen Philippa of Hainault, at Ghent (or Gaunt) in Flanders. He was made Earl of Richmond in September 1342. He married Blanche, Countess of Derby in May 1359, with whom he had seven children, including the future Henry IV. After his marriage, he was styled as Earl of Derby and of Leicester. He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in April 1361. He gained the title of Duke of Lancaster in November 1362 . After the death of his wife in 1369, the ambitious Duke married Costanza, the daughter of Pedro I, King of Léon and Castilla in 1372, with whom he had two children. After his marriage, he was styled as King John of Léon and Castilla. He took Katherine Swynford as his mistress about the same time, and with her had four children, who were given the surname Beaufort. He campaigned with his elder brother, Edward of Woodstock, and took part in the conflicts of the Hundred Years War. After the death of his brother in 1376, he was in the ascendancy at court, however, favor coincided with widespread resentment of his influence among the English population. When his father died in 1377, and was succeeded by Edward's 10 year old son, John became the protector of the young king and effectively ruled England during his minority. His decisions on taxation however, culminated in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. In 1386, he left England in an unsuccessful attempt to claim the Castilian throne. Upon his return to England in 1389, he served as mediator between the king and the Lords Appellant who had been on the brink of violence. In March 1390, Richard II invested John as Duke of Aquitaine. Costanza died at Leicester Castle in March 1394, and John married his mistress, Katherine, in 1396 at Lincoln Cathedral. The couple's children were legitimized by Richard II and the Church, but barred from inheriting the throne. He died at Leicester Castle three years later at the age of fifty-eight, he was buried beside his first wife in the choir of St Paul's Cathedral. (bio by: Iola)

Family links:

Parents: Edward III (1312 - 1377) Philippa d'Avesnes of Hainault (1311 - 1369) Spouses: Blanche of Lancaster (1345 - 1369) Katherine Roet Swynford (1350 - 1403) Constance of Castile (1354 - 1394)* Children: Philippa of Lancaster (1360 - 1415)* Elizabeth Lancaster (1363 - 1425)* Henry IV (1367 - 1413)* John de Beaufort (1371 - 1410)* Catherine Plantagenet Of Lancaster (1373 - 1418)* Henry Beaufort (1374 - 1447)* Joan Beaufort Neville (1375 - 1440)* Thomas de Beaufort (1377 - 1426)* Siblings: Joan Perrers Skerne (____ - 1431)** Edward Plantagenet (1330 - 1376)* Isabel Plantagenet de Coucy (1332 - 1379)* Joan Plantagenet (1334 - 1348)* Prince William Of Hatfield (1337 - 1337)* Lionel Plantagenet (1338 - 1368)* John of Gaunt (1340 - 1399) Edmund of Langley (1341 - 1402)* Blanche de la Tour (1342 - 1342)* Mary de Waltham (1344 - 1362)* Princess Margaret Plantagenet Hastings (1346 - 1361)* William de Windsor (1348 - 1348)* Prince Thomas Woodstock Plantagenet (1355 - 1397)*
Calculated relationship
Half-sibling
Burial: Saint Paul's Cathedral London City of London Greater London, England Plot: Nave

Maintained by: Find A Grave Originally Created by: Danette Percifield Cogsw... Record added: Jul 16, 2008 Find A Grave Memorial# 28331470

Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:05:32 UTC
Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:06:14 UTC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt

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Philippa of Lancaster, Queen consort of Portugal ★ |•••► #reINO UNIDO #Genealogia #Genealogy ♛

Filipa de Lencastre, rainha consorte de Portugal is your first cousin 16 times removed.
You → Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
   →  Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father →  Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  Juan de Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco
his father → Pedro de Zúñiga y Avellaneda, II conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father →  Diego López de Zúñiga y Guzmán, I conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father → D. Pedro López de Zúñiga y García de Leyva, I Conde de Ledesma, Conde de Plasencia
his father → Dª. Juana García de Leyva, Señora de Hacinas, Quintanilla y Villavaquerín
his mother →  Juan Martínez de Leyva, III
her father →  Isabella Plantagenet
his mother → Edward III of England
her father →  John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
his son →  Filipa de Lencastre, rainha consorte de Portugal
his daughter
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippa_of_Lancaster

http://thepeerage.com/p10215.htm#i102143

http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=1112

http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=13013450

http://nygaard.howards.net/files/3/23551.htm

Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:05:32 UTC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippa_of_Lancaster

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<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Philippa of Lancaster
 Connected to: Leicester Queen consort of Portugal Illustrious Generation

Philippa of Lancaster

Queen Philippa in Genealogia dos Reis de Portugal (António de Holanda; 1530-1534)
Queen consort of Portugal
Tenure 11 February 1387 – 19 July 1415
Born 31 March 1360
Leicester Castle, Leicester, England
Died 19 July 1415 (aged 55)
Sacavém, Portugal
Burial Batalha Monastery
Spouse John I of Portugal
Issue
among
others...
Edward, King of Portugal
Peter, Duke of Coimbra
Henry, Duke of Viseu
Isabella, Duchess of Burgundy
John, Constable of Portugal
Ferdinand, Master of Aviz
House Lancaster
Father John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
Mother Blanche of Lancaster
Religion Catholicism
Signature

Philippa of Lancaster (Portuguese: Filipa [fɨˈlipɐ]; 31 March 1360 – 19 July 1415) was Queen of Portugal from 1387 until 1415 by marriage to King John I. Born into the royal family of England, her marriage secured the Treaty of Windsor and produced several children who became known as the "Illustrious Generation" in Portugal.

Early life and education
Born on 31 March 1360, Philippa was the oldest child of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster.[1] Philippa spent her infancy moving around the various properties owned by her family with her mother and her wet-nurse, Maud.[2] Here, she was raised and educated alongside her two younger siblings, Elizabeth, who was three years younger, and Henry, seven years younger, who would later become King Henry IV. Philippa's mother died of plague in 1369. Her father remarried in 1371 to Infanta Constance of Castile, daughter of King Peter of Castile and on Constance's death in 1394, he married his former mistress, Katherine Swynford, who had been Philippa's governess. The affair and eventual marriage was considered scandalous, and in the future Philippa would protect herself against such embarrassment.[3]

Katherine seems to have been well liked by Philippa and her Lancastrian siblings and played an important role in Philippa's education. Katherine had close ties with Geoffrey Chaucer, since her sister, Philippa Roet, was Chaucer's wife. John of Gaunt became Chaucer's patron, and Chaucer spent much time with the family as one of Philippa's many mentors and teachers. She was remarkably well educated for a female at the time and studied science under Friar John, poetry under Jean Froissart, and philosophy and theology under John Wycliffe.[2] She was well read in the works of Greek and Roman scholars such as Pliny and Herodotus and was diligent in her study of religion.[2]

Marriage
Philippa became Queen consort of Portugal through her marriage to King John I. This marriage was the final step in the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance against the Franco-Castillian axis. The couple were blessed by the church in the Cathedral of Porto on 2 February 1387 and their marriage was on 14 February 1387. The Portuguese court celebrated the union for fifteen days.[4] Philippa married King John I by proxy, and in keeping with a unique Portuguese tradition, the stand-in bridegroom pretended to bed the bride. The stand-in for King John I was João Rodrigues de Sá.[5]

The marriage itself, as was usually the case for the nobility in the Middle Ages, was a matter of state and political alliance, and the couple did not meet until twelve days after they were legally married. Philippa was considered to be rather plain, and King João I (John I) already had a mistress, Inês Peres Esteves, by whom he had three children.[6][7] Their son Afonso was ten when Philippa and John married. Philippa allowed Afonso and his sister Beatrice to be raised in the Portuguese court (the third child, Branca, died in infancy). Their mother left the court at Philippa's command to live in a convent, and under Philippa's patronage, she became the Prioress.[7]

In marrying Philippa, John I established a political and personal alliance with John of Gaunt, initially because it was rumoured that John of Gaunt would claim the Kingdom of Castile through Catherine of Lancaster, his daughter by his second wife Constance of Castile.[8] As the "de facto King of Castile," it was feared that John of Gaunt could challenge King John's claim to the newly installed dynasty.[4] Instead, at Windsor in 1386, John I of Portugal signed the remarkably long-lasting Portuguese-English Alliance, which continued through the Napoleonic Wars and ensured Portugal's tenuous neutrality in World War II.[9][10] Philippa, at the age of 27, was thought to be too old to become a bride for the first time, and the court questioned her ability to bear the King's children; however, Philippa bore nine children, six of whom survived into adulthood.

Influence at court
The wedding of Philippa and John
The wedding of Philippa and John
Though Philippa was seen to present a demeanour of queenly piety,[11] commenting that "it would be regarded as an indecent thing for a wife to interfere in her husband’s affairs",[11] she wielded significant influence in both the Portuguese and English courts and was "actively involved in world affairs".[11] Surviving letters show that Philippa often wrote to the English court from Portugal and stayed involved in English politics. On one instance, Philippa intervened in court politics on "behalf of followers of the dethroned Richard II when they appealed for her help after her brother, Henry IV, had usurped the English throne".[11] On another occasion, she persuaded the reluctant Earl of Arundel to marry her husband's illegitimate daughter Beatrice,[11] further cementing the alliance between Portugal and England.

Philippa's main political contribution, however, was in her own court. Upon the end of the Portuguese involvement in several wars with Castile and the Moors, the Portuguese economy was failing, and many soldiers now unemployed. Philippa knew that the conquest and control of Ceuta would be quite lucrative for Portugal with the control of the African and Indian spice trade. Though Philippa died before her plan was realised, Portugal did send an expedition to conquer the city, a goal that was realised on 14 August 1415 in the Battle of Ceuta.[2]

Children
Philippa was apparently a generous and loving queen, the mother of the "Illustrious Generation" (in Portuguese, Ínclita Geração) of infantes (princes) and infantas (princesses). Her children were:[12]

Blanche (13 July 1388 – 6 March 1389), died in infancy.
Alphonse (30 July 1390 – 22 December 1400), heir of the throne, died in childhood at the age of 10, in Braga, and was buried in Braga Cathedral.
Edward (Duarte) (31 October 1391 – 13 September 1438), a writer and an intellectual who succeeded his father as King of Portugal in 1433.
Peter (9 December 1392 – 20 May 1449), Duke of Coimbra, a well-travelled man who served as Regent during the minority of his nephew Afonso V.
Henry (4 March 1394 – 13 November 1460), called "the Navigator", first Duke of Viseu, who guided Portugal to the Age of Discovery.
Isabella (21 February 1397 – 11 December 1471), married Philip III of Burgundy.
Blanche (11 April 1398 – 27 July 1398), died in infancy.
John (13 January 1400 – 18 October 1442), Constable of Portugal, Lord of Reguengos, grandfather of two 16th century Iberian monarchs (Manuel I of Portugal and Isabella I of Castile).
Ferdinand (29 September 1402 – 5 June 1443), called "the Saint Prince", a warrior who was captured during the Disaster of Tangier in 1437 and died a prisoner of the Moors.
Death
At the age of 55, Philippa fell ill with the plague. She moved from Lisbon to Sacavém and called her sons to her bedside so that she could give them her blessing.[13] Philippa presented her three eldest sons with jewel-encrusted swords, which they would use in their impending knighthoods, and gave each a portion of the True Cross, "enjoining them to preserve their faith and to fulfil the duties of their rank".[14]

Though he had been reluctant to marry her, the king had grown quite fond of his wife, and it is said that he was "so grieved by [her] mortal illness… that he could neither eat nor sleep".[14] In her final hours, Philippa was said to be lucid and without pain. According to legend she was roused by a wind which blew strongly against the house and asked what wind it was, upon hearing it was the north wind, she claimed it quite beneficial for her son's and husband's voyage to Africa, which she had coordinated.[15] At her death she prayed with several priests and, "without any toil or suffering, gave her soul into the hands of Him who created her, a smile appearing on her mouth as though she disdained the life of this world".[14]

Legacy
Philippa and King John's union was praised for establishing purity and virtue in a court that was regarded as particularly corrupt.[16] Philippa is remembered as the mother of "The Illustrious Generation" (Portuguese: Ínclita Geração). Her surviving children went on to make historically significant contributions in their own right. Edward became the eleventh King of Portugal, and was known as, "The Philosopher," or the "Eloquent." Henry the Navigator sponsored expeditions to Africa.

Philippa's influence was documented in literary works. The medieval French poet Eustache Deschamps dedicated one of his ballads to "Phelippe en Lancastre," as a partisan of the Order of the Flower.[17] It has also been speculated that Geoffrey Chaucer may have alluded to Philippa in his poem, "The Legend of Good Women," through the character, Alceste.[18]

Linea Genetica N°1 FAMILIA |•••► PHILIPPA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.- 1360 PHILIPPA OF LANCASTER, QUEEN CONSORT OF PORTUGAL |•••► Pais:reINO UNIDO
PADRE: John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
MADRE: Blanche of Lancaster


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2.- 1340 JOHN OF GAUNT, 1ST DUKE OF LANCASTER |•••► Pais:Belgica
PADRE: Edward III Plantagenet, King of England
MADRE: Philippa de Hainault, Queen consort of England


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3.- 1312 EDWARD III PLANTAGENET, KING OF ENGLAND  |•••► Pais:rEINO UNIDO
PADRE: Eduardo II de Inglaterra(Casa real Plantagenet)
MADRE: Isabelle De France, Reine Consort D'angleterre


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4.- 1284 EDUARDO II DE INGLATERRA(CASA REAL PLANTAGENET) |•••► Pais:Gales
PADRE: Eduardo I (1239-1307), Rey de Inglaterra
MADRE: Leonor de Castilla (1241-1290)


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5.- 1239 EDUARDO I (1239-1307), REY DE INGLATERRA |•••► Pais:REINO UNIDO
PADRE: Henry III (1207-1272), Rey de Inglaterra
MADRE: Leonor de Provenza (1223-1291)


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6.- 1207 HENRY III (1207-1272), REY DE INGLATERRA |•••► Pais:REINO UNIDO
PADRE: John (1166-1216), Rey de Inglaterra
MADRE: Isabella of Angouleme (1186-1246)


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7.- 1166 JOHN (1166-1216), REY DE INGLATERRA |•••► Pais:REINO UNIDO
PADRE: Henry II  Plantagenet (Curtmantle), king of England
MADRE: Eleanor d'Aquitaine, Queen Consort Of England


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8.- 1133 HENRY II  PLANTAGENET (CURTMANTLE), KING OF ENGLAND |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Geoffroy V, Count of Anjou, Maine and Mortain
MADRE: Matilde de Inglaterra (1102-1167), reina de Inglaterra


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9.- 1113 GEOFFROY V, COUNT OF ANJOU, MAINE AND MORTAIN |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Fulk V, King of Jerusalem
MADRE: Ermengarde, countess of Maine


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10.- 1089 FULK V, KING OF JERUSALEM |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Fulk IV The Surly, count of Anjou
MADRE: Bertrada of Montfort, Queen consort of France


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11.- 1043 FULK IV THE SURLY, COUNT OF ANJOU |•••► Pais:FRANCE
PADRE: Gâtinais Godofredo conde de
MADRE: Anjou Ermengarda de


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12.-  GÂTINAIS GODOFREDO CONDE DE |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Gâtinais
MADRE:


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Llamosas Ranero Joseph Julián ★ |•••► #Venezuela #Genealogia #Genealogy

Linea Genetica N°1 FAMILIA |•••► LLAMOSAS
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1.- 1751 LLAMOSAS RANERO JOSEPH JULIÁN |•••► Pais:Venezuela
PADRE: Llamosas y Requecens Manuel
MADRE: Ranero y Berdugo Briceño y Carvajal Buenaventura de


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2.-  LLAMOSAS Y REQUECENS MANUEL |•••► Pais:
PADRE: LLamosas Jara Diego de las
MADRE: Requesens Esterlich Isabel


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3.-  LLAMOSAS JARA DIEGO DE LAS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: LLamosas Aén Pedro de las
MADRE: Jara María Ana


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4.-  LLAMOSAS AÉN PEDRO DE LAS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: LLamosas Perez Juan de las
MADRE: Aèn Justina


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5.- 1582 LLAMOSAS PEREZ JUAN DE LAS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: LLamosas de la Puente Pedro de las Ref: 182463
MADRE: Perez Maria Ref: 182477


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6.- 1510 LLAMOSAS DE LA PUENTE PEDRO DE LAS REF: 182463 |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Llamosas de la Puente Pedro de las (El Viejo) 1480
MADRE: Perez Caralina Ref: 182517


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7.-  LLAMOSAS DE LA PUENTE (EL VIEJO) PEDRO DE LAS (1480) |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Llamosas de La Puente (1450) Pedro de Las
MADRE:


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8.-  LLAMOSAS DE LA PUENTE (1450) PEDRO DE LAS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Familia Llamosas
MADRE: Ortiz de La Puente Juan (1420)


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9.-  FAMILIA LLAMOSAS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Llamosas
MADRE:


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Linea Genetica N°2 FAMILIA |•••► RANERO
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1.- 1621 RANERO Y BERDUGO BRICEÑO Y CARVAJAL BUENAVENTURA DE |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Ranero y Casteldosrius Juan de
MADRE: Berdugo (Verdugo) Briceño y Carvajal Isabel


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Linea Genetica N°3 FAMILIA |•••► REQUESENS
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1.- 1560 REQUESENS ESTERLICH ISABEL |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Requeséns y Zúñiga Luis de
MADRE: Hostalric y Gralla Gerónima


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2.- 1528 REQUESÉNS Y ZÚÑIGA LUIS DE |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco Juan de
MADRE: Requesens Estefanía de


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3.- 1480 ZÚÑIGA AVELLANEDA Y VELASCO JUAN DE |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Zúñiga y Avellaneda Pedro de
MADRE: Velasco Catalina de


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4.- 1448 ZÚÑIGA Y AVELLANEDA PEDRO DE |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Zúñiga y Guzmán Diego López de
MADRE: Avellaneda María Ochoa de


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5.- 1405 ZÚÑIGA Y GUZMÁN DIEGO LÓPEZ DE |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Zúñiga y García de Leyva Pedro López de
MADRE: Guzmán y Ayala, III Señora de Gibraleón Isabel de


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6.- 1384 ZÚÑIGA Y GARCÍA DE LEYVA PEDRO LÓPEZ DE |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Zúñiga Diego López de Mariscal de Castilla
MADRE: García de Leiva Juana


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7.- 1350 ZÚÑIGA DIEGO LÓPEZ DE MARISCAL DE CASTILLA |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Zúñiga y Mendoza Iñigo Ortiz de
MADRE: Orozco y Mendoza Juana de


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8.-  ZÚÑIGA Y MENDOZA IÑIGO ORTIZ DE |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Zúñiga
MADRE:


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Linea Genetica N°4 FAMILIA |•••► BERDUGO
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1.- 1681 BERDUGO (VERDUGO) BRICEÑO Y CARVAJAL ISABEL |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Briceño y Verdugo Pedro Ref: 181865
MADRE: Ampúes y Carvajal Buenaventura


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2.- 1475 BRICEÑO Y VERDUGO PEDRO REF: 181865 |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Briceño de Verdugo Pedro (1425)
MADRE: Bracamonte Dávila María


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3.- 1425 BRICEÑO DE VERDUGO PEDRO (1425) |•••► Pais:España
PADRE: Briceño Francisco (1416)
MADRE: Verdugo Ana (1420)


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Charles II (the Lame), King of Naples ★ |•••► #ITALIA #Genealogia #Genealogy ♛

Charles II "the Lame", King of Naples is your second cousin 15 times removed.
You → Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo 
   →  Morella Álamo Borges
your mother →  Belén Borges Ustáriz
her mother →  Belén de Jesús Ustáriz Lecuna
her mother → Miguel María Ramón de Jesus Uztáriz y Monserrate
her father →  María de Guía de Jesús de Monserrate é Ibarra
his mother → Manuel José de Monserrate y Urbina, Teniente Coronel
her father →  Antonieta Felicita Javiera Ignacia de Urbina y Hurtado de Mendoza
his mother → Isabel Manuela Josefa Hurtado de Mendoza y Rojas Manrique
her mother →  Juana de Rojas Manrique de Mendoza
her mother → Constanza de Mendoza Mate de Luna
her mother →  Mayor de Mendoza Manzanedo
her mother →  Juan Fernández De Mendoza Y Manuel
her father →  Sancha Manuel
his mother →  Sancho Manuel de Villena Castañeda, señor del Infantado y Carrión de los Céspedes
her father →  Manuel de Castilla, señor de Escalona
his father → Ferdinand "the Saint", king of Castile and León
his father →  Berenguela I la Grande, reina de Castilla
his mother →  Blanche de Castille, reine consort de France
her sister →  Charles I, King of Sicily
her son →  Charles II "the Lame", King of Naples
his son
<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
Charles II, also known as Charles the Lame (French: Charles le Boiteux; Italian: Carlo lo Zoppo; 1254 – 5 May 1309), was King of Naples, Count of Provence and Forcalquier (1285–1309), Prince of Achaea (1285–1289), and Count of Anjou and Maine (1285–1290); he also styled himself King of Albania and claimed the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1285. He was the son of Charles I of Anjou—one of the most powerful European monarchs in the second half of the 13th century—and Beatrice of Provence. His father granted Charles the Principality of Salerno in the Kingdom of Sicily (or Regno) in 1272 and made him regent in Provence and Forcalquier in 1279.

After the riot known as the Sicilian Vespers against Charles' father, the island of Sicily became an independent kingdom under the rule of Peter III of Aragon in 1282. A year later, his father made Charles regent in the mainland territories of the Regno (or the Kingdom of Naples). Charles held a general assembly where unpopular taxes were abolished and the liberties of the noblemen and clerics were confirmed. He could not prevent the Aragonese from occupying Calabria and the islands in the Gulf of Naples. The Sicilian admiral, Roger of Lauria, captured him in a naval battle near Naples in 1284. For he was still in prison when his father died on 7 January 1285, his realms were ruled by regents.

Early life
Born in 1254, Charles was the son of Charles I of Anjou and Beatrice of Provence.[1][2] He was the sole heir of his father's vast dominion.[3] By the time of Charles' birth, his father had seized Provence and Forcalquier (in the Holy Roman Empire), Anjou and Maine (in France), and the Kingdom of Sicily (a fief of the Holy See).[4] In the 1270s, his father also proclaimed himself King of Albania (in reference to his conquests along the Eastern coast of the Ionian Sea), partially asserted his claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem, and inherited Achaea (in the Peloponnese).[4] Charles' mother died in 1267, but his father's determination to keep his empire intact deprived Charles of his maternal inheritance during his father's lifetime.[2]

Charles I arranged a double marriage alliance with Stephen V of Hungary in 1269.[5][6] Stephen's daughter, Maria was engaged to Charles, and Charles' sister, Isabelle to Maria's brother, Ladislaus.[6] Charles fell seriously ill in late 1271.[7] To encourage prayers for his recovery, his father donated Charles' wax sculptures to churches frequented by pilgrims in the whole kingdom.[8] After Charles recovered, his father made a pilgrimage at the shrine of Saint Nicholas in Bari and sent gifts to the sanctuary of Mary the Virgin at Rocamadour.[8]

Charles was knighted together with his brother, Philip, and 100 Italian and French young noblemen at Pentecost 1272.[9] On this occasion, his father also granted him the Principality of Salerno, which had customarily been held by the crown princes during the reign of the Norman kings of Sicily.[9] The king stipulated that Charles could not claim other territories, most probably in reference to Provence.[7]

Regent
His father appointed him to administer Provence in late 1279.[2] He accompanied his cousin, Philip III of France, to a meeting with Peter III of Aragon at Toulouse in December 1280.[10] Peter was the son-in-law of Manfred of Sicily who had lost the Kingdom of Sicily to Charles' father in 1266.[11] Peter insolently ignored Charles during the meeting, although both Philip III and James II of Majorca, who was also present, reminded Peter that Charles was closely related to him.[12]

[B]y no means could [Charles] find a cheerful countenance nor any comfort in ... [Peter III of Aragon]; rather was [Peter] harsh and angry towards him. [Philip III of France] and [James II of Majorca] took [Peter III] into a chamber one day and asked him how it was that he did not speak with [Charles]; that he knew full well that he was his near blood-relation, as he was the son of his cousin, the daughter of the count of Provence and besides, that his wife also, the daughter of the King of Hungary, was his blood-relation. But though there were many ties between them, they could obtain nothing from him in the end. And [Charles] invited [Philip III], [Peter III] and [James II] to a banquet, but [Peter III] would not accept it, wherefore the banquet had to be given up. But [James II] showed great civility to [Charles] and [Charles] to him. And so, on their departure from the interview, [Charles] left with [James II] and [Muntaner] saw them both enter Perpignan, and a great feast was made for them, and [James II] detained [Charles] for eight days.

— Ramon Muntaner The Chronicle[citation needed]
The envoys of Charles' father with the representatives of Rudolf I of Germany and the Holy See started negotiations about the restoration of the Kingdom of Arles in 1278.[13] They reached a compromise, that Pope Martin IV included in a papal bull on 24 May 1281.[14] The bull prescribed that the kingdom, which should include the Dauphiné, Savoy and the nearby territories,[15] was to be given to Charles' son, Charles Martel, on the day of his marriage with Rudolf's daughter, Clemence.[14] Charles was appointed regent for his minor son.[14]

Heavy taxation, forced loans and purveyance caused widespread discontent among Charles I's Italian subjects, especially in the island of Sicily.[16] A French soldier's arrogance caused a popular riot—known as the Sicilian Vespers—in Palermo on 30 March 1282.[17][18] The riot quickly spread and put an end to Charles I's rule in the island.[17][19] Peter III of Aragon came to Sicily accompanied by a large fleet in late August.[17][20] He was proclaimed king on 4 September.[21]

Charles I and Peter III agreed that a judicial duel should decide their conflict.[22] Before leaving for France in January 1283, Charles I appointed Charles and Charles' cousin, Robert II, Count of Artois, co-regents.[22] He authorized them to take measures, after consulting with the papal legate, Gerard of Parma, to prevent the spread of the rebellion to the mainland territories.[22] Charles and his troops left Reggio Calabria and marched as far as San Martino di Taurianova—an easily defensible town—on 13 February 1283.[23] After his departure, Peter III captured Reggio Calabria.[23]

Coat of arms of Charles II of Naples: the arms of the House of Anjou impaled with the cross of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Coat of arms of Charles II of Naples: the arms of the House of Anjou impaled with the cross of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Charles held a general assembly for the barons, prelates and the envoys of the towns at his camp near San Martino.[22][24] The royal monopoly of salt and the practise of regular exchange of small coins was abolished.[22] The assembly also decided that the monarchs could levy the most unpopular tax, the subventio generalis, only after consulting with the representatives of their subjects.[22] The liberties of the noblemen and the clergy were confirmed and the commoners' obligations to contribute to the maintenance of royal fortresses and the flee were reduced.[24][25] The reforms adopted at the assembly made the continuation of his father's active foreign policy impossible.[26]

Charles strengthened the position of native aristocracy, appointing members of the Aquinas, Ruffo and Sanseverino families to the royal council.[27] He also tried to make his father's most unpopular officials scapegoats for the abuses.[28] In June 1283, he ordered the imprisonment of all male members of the della Marre and Rufouli families, who had been responsible for the collection of taxes and custom duties.[29] The heads of the families were executed and their relatives were to pay huge ransoms.[28]

Charles did not have funds to finance a lengthy war.[30] He had to borrow thousands of ounces of gold from the Holy See, the kings of France and England, the ruler of Tunis and Tuscan bankers, and from the towns of the Regno.[30] Gerard of Parma also persuaded the Southern Italian prelates to cede a part of their revenues to Charles for the war against the rebels and their supporters.[30] He could then equip 40 new galleys in Provence.[30][31] The Aragonese fleet had meanwhile imposed a blockade on the island of Malta.[30] Charles dispatched his new fleet to the island, but the Sicilian admiral, Roger of Lauria, attacked and almost annihilated the Provençal galleys before they reached Malta.[30][31] Lauria soon occupied the islands of Capri and Ischia, which enabled him to make frequent raids against the Bay of Naples.[30] After he also captured Nisida, he imposed a blockade on Naples.[32]

Captivity
The inhabitants of Naples urged Charles to expel the Aragonese garrison from Nisida.[32] Although his father had forbidden him to attack the Aragonese until his arrival, Charles decided to invade the islet.[32] Believing that most Aragonese ships had left the Bay of Naples, he sailed for Nisida on 5 June 1284, but the Aragonese galleys soon surrounded and defeated his fleet.[32][26] During the battle, Charles fell into captivity.[26] He was first taken to Messina where the crowd demanded his execution in revenge for Conradin (Manfred of Sicily's young nephew, who had been beheaded at Charles I's order in 1268).[33] To save Charles' life, Constance of Sicily—Peter III of Aragon's wife—imprisoned him at the fortress of Cefalù.[33]

Charles I died on 7 January 1285.[34] On his deathbed, he had made Robert of Artois regent for the minor Charles Martel who would rule as vicar general until Charles was held in captivity.[35][36] The Provençal delegates held a general assembly at Sisteron and decided to do their utmost to secure Charles' release.[37] Pope Martin IV partially ignored Charles I's last will.[38] He did not acknowledge the right either of the captive Charles or of his minor son to rule, claiming that an interregnum followed the king's death.[38] The pope confirmed Artois' regency, but he made Cardinal Gerald co-regent, authorizing them to administer the kingdom on behalf of the Holy See.[38] The regents appointed the most powerful ruler of the Peloponnese, William I de la Roche, Duke of Athens, bailiff of Achaea to secure the local lords' loyalty.[39][40] Odo Poilechien—who had been made baillif during Charles I's reign—continued to rule Acre which was the only town to acknowledge Charles' rule in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.[41]

Pope Martin died on 29 March 1285.[42] The crusade that he had declared against Aragon started in late May, but Peter III's resistance forced the crusaders to withdraw in September.[38] At Peter's order, Charles was moved from Cefalù to Catalonia.[43] Peter died on 10 November; his eldest sons, Alfonso III and James succeeded him in Aragon and Sicily, respectively.[44] Henry II of Cyprus, who was regarded the lawful king of Jerusalem by most local lords, forced Odo Poilechien to leave Acre in June 1286.[41] Since the Knights Templar and Hospitallers supported Henry, their estates were confiscated in the Regno.[45]

Charles' sons sent a letter to Edward I of England, asking him to intervene to secure their father's release.[46] Edward accepted their offer and mediated a fourteen-month truce in July 1286.[47] James entered into negotiations with Charles about the conditions of Charles' release.[48] Charles was ready to renounce the island of Sicily and Calabria in favor of James for at least the rest of his own lifetime,[49] but Pope Honorius IV sharply opposed this plan.[48] After Honorius died on 3 April 1287, Edward I mediated a compromise, which was completed in the presence of the delegates of the College of Cardinals in Oloron-Sainte-Marie in July.[50][51] However, Philip IV of France refused to sign it, because it did not arrange for the compensation of his younger brother, Charles of Valois, who had laid claim to Aragon.[50]

The new pope, Nicholas IV, who was enthroned in February 1288, also disapproved the treaty, but allowed Edward I to continue the negotiations.[52][53] A new agreement, repeating most terms of the previous compromise, was signed at Canfranc in October.[1][53] According to the treaty, Charles was to be released for a ransom of 50,000 marks of silver, but he also had to promise to mediate a reconciliation between Aragon, France and the Holy See.[1][53] He pledged that he would send his three sons—Charles Martel, Louis and Robert—and 60 Provençal noblemen as hostages to Aragon to secure the fulfilment of his promise.[53][54] He also promised that he would return to Aragon if he could not persuade his allies to make peace with Aragon in three years.[1][53] After Edward I gave further guarantees, Alfonso III released Charles who went to Paris to start negotiations with Philip IV.[53][55] Philip again refuted the treaty and Charles left France for Italy to meet with the pope.[53]

Reign
Start of his reign
Pope Nicholas IV crowned Charles king in Rieti on Whit Sunday 1289.[56] To persuade Charles to continue the war for Sicily, the pope granted the tenth of Church revenues from Southern Italy to him.[56] The pope also absolved Charles from the promises that he had made to secure his release.[57] Edward I of England protested against the pope's decision and continued to mediate between Charles and Alfonso III of Aragon.[57] At Edward's request, Alfonso III released Charles Martel in exchange for Charles' fifth son, Raymond Berengar.[57]

Influenced by Bartolomeo da Capua and his other advisors, Charles adopted a concept about the establishment of a purely Christian kingdom.[55] He ordered the expulsion of the Jews and Lombards from Anjou and Maine, accusing them of usury.[55] Applying the blood libel against the Jews of Southern Italy, he forced many of them to convert into Christianity.[55] He also introduced the Inquisition in the Regno.[55]

Alfonso III invaded Charles' realm and laid siege to Gaeta, because he thought that the burghers were ready to rise up against Charles, but the town resisted.[56] Charles Martel and Robert of Artois led troops to the town and surrounded the besiegers.[56] Edward I of England sent envoys to Charles, urging him to respect the treaty of Canfranc.[58] The pope dispatched two cardinals to prevent the reconciliation, but Charles and Alfonse signed a two-year truce.[56] To secure stability in Achaea, Charles decided to restore a line of local rulers in the principality.[59] He arranged a marriage for Isabella of Villehardouin—the daughter of the last native prince, William II—with a successful military commander, Florent of Hainaut.[59] In September, he granted Achaea to them, but he kept his right to suzerainty over the principality and also stipulated that if Florent predeceased her, Isabella could not remarry without his consent.[59]

Negotiations
Charles left Southern Italy to start new negotiations with Philip IV.[60] Before visiting Paris, he went to the Aragonese frontier to offer himself for imprisonment on 1 November in accordance with the treaty of Canfranc, but nobody came to arrest him.[58] Charles and Philip IV signed a treaty at Senlis on 19 May 1290.[60] Charles gave his daughter, Margaret, in marriage to Charles of Valois, giving Anjou and Maine to him as her dowry in return for his promise to abandon his claim to Aragon with the pope's consent.[60][61] Philip IV also promised that he would make peace with Aragon as soon as Alfonso III and the Holy See were reconciled.[60][61]

The envoys of all parties, but James of Sicily, started negotiations with the mediation of English delegates at Perpignan, and continued them in Tarascon in late 1290 and early 1291.[60][61] They reached a compromise which was included in a treaty in Brignoles on 19 February 1291.[60][61] The document confirmed most terms of the treaty of Senlis and restored the peace between Alfonso III, Philip IV and Charles.[60] Charles received the districts of Avignon held by the French monarch.[60] The Holy See also accepted the terms of the treaty because Alfonso of Aragon promised that he would lead a crusade against the Mamluks of Egypt.[62]

The treaty of Brignoles deprived Alfonso's brother, James of Sicily, of Aragonese support, but Alfonso unexpectedly died on 18 June.[63][64] James succeeded Alfonso in Aragon, but he did not want to cede the island of Sicily and Calabria to Charles and made his younger brother, Frederick, his lieutenant.[63] The Mamluks occupied the last strongholds in the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the summer of 1291.[65] Pope Nicholas IV called for a new crusade and urged the Christian "kings, princes and prelates" to send their proposals about the recovery of the Holy Land.[65][45] Charles was the only monarch to answer the pope.[45] He suggested that the sole grand master of the united military orders, who should be appointed from about the royal princes, was to rule the reconquered Kingdom of Jerusalem.[45]

After realizing that his new subjects would not support a war for Sicily, James sent envoys to Rome to start negotiations about his submission shortly before Pope Nicholas died on 4 April 1292.[63] Charles was also willing to reach a compromise, because he wanted to secure Hungary for his family.[66] Charles' brother-in-law, Ladislaus IV of Hungary, had been murdered on 10 July 1290.[66][67] The Hungarian noblemen elected Ladislaus' cousin, Andrew III, king, although Andrew's legitimacy was doubtful.[68] Charles' wife regarded herself Ladislaus' lawful heir.[68] Claiming that Hungary was the fief of the Holy See, Pope Nicholas IV granted Hungary to her son, Charles Martel, in 1292.[69] The most powerful noblemen in Croatia and Slavonia—two realms ruled by the kings of Hungary—accepted the pope's decision.[69] Charles made donations to them to secure their support, but Charles Martel could never assert his claim.[70]

The death of Pope Nicholas IV gave rise to a prolonged interregnum.[66] Charles continued the negotiations with James with the mediation of Sancho IV of Castile.[66] An agreement was completed in Figueras in late 1293.[66] James agreed to give up Sicily in return for a compensation.[66] To put an end to the interregnum in Rome, Charles persuaded the cardinals to elect Peter of Morrone—a hermit who had been known for his apocalyptic visions—pope.[66] Being grateful to Charles, Pope Celestine V granted him Church revenues from France, the Holy Roman Empire and England to finance a new military campaign against Sicily.[71] After Celestine abdicated in December 1294, the cardinals elected Benedetto Caetani pope.[72] Pope Boniface VIII was determined to put an end to the war, because he wanted to declare a new crusade for the reconquest of the Holy Land.[64]

Peace
Pope Boniface VIII confirmed the compromise between James and Charles in Anagni on 12 June 1295.[72] However, the Sicilians refused the Treaty of Anagni and James of Aragon's brother, Frederick, was crowned king of Sicily on 12 December 1295.[73] Frederick soon made a raid against Basilicata.[74]

An attempt was made to bribe Frederick into consenting to this arrangement, but being backed up by his people he refused, and was afterwards crowned King of Sicily. The ensuing war was fought on land and sea, but Charles, though aided by the Pope, his cousin Charles of Valois and James, was unable to conquer the island, and his son the prince of Taranto was taken prisoner at the Battle of La Falconara in 1299. Peace was at last made in 1302 at Caltabellotta. Charles gave up all rights to Sicily and agreed to the marriage of his daughter Eleanor and King Frederick; the treaty was ratified by the Pope in 1303. Charles spent his last years quietly in Naples, which city he improved and embellished.

He died in Naples in May 1309, and was succeeded by his son Robert the Wise.

Family
Charles, his wife Mary and their children in Bible of Naples
Charles, his wife Mary and their children in Bible of Naples
In 1270, he married Maria of Hungary (c. 1257 – 25 March 1323), the daughter of Stephen V of Hungary and Elizabeth the Cuman.[75] They had fourteen children:

Charles Martel of Anjou(1271-1295), titular King of Hungary[76]
Margaret (1273– 31 December 1299),[76] Countess of Anjou and Maine, married at Corbeil 16 August 1290 to Charles of Valois
Saint Louis of Toulouse (9 February 1274, Nocera Inferiore – 19 August 1298, Chateau de Brignoles), Bishop of Toulouse[76]
Robert the Wise (1275-1343),[76] King of Naples
Philip I of Taranto,[76] Prince of Achaea and Taranto, Despot of Romania, Lord of Durazzo, titular Emperor of Constantinople
Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310, Barcelona), married at Villebertran 1 November 1295 James II of Aragon[76]
Raymond Berengar (1281–1307), Count of Provence, Prince of Piedmont and Andria
John (1283 – aft. 16 March 1308), a priest
Tristan (1284–bef. 1288)
Eleanor of Anjou, (August 1289 – 9 August 1341, Monastery of St. Nicholas, Arene, Elis), married at Messina 17 May 1302 Frederick III of Sicily[76]
Maria of Naples (1290 – c. 1346), married at Palma de Majorca 20 September 1304 Sancho I of Majorca, married 1326 Jaime de Ejerica (1298 – April 1335)
Peter (1291 – 29 August 1315, Battle of Montecatini), Count of Gravina
John of Gravina (1294 – 5 April 1336, Naples), Duke of Durazzo, Prince of Achaea, and Count of Gravina, married March 1318 (div 1321) Matilda of Hainaut (29 November 1293–1336), married 14 November 1321 Agnes of Périgord (d. 1345)[76]
Beatrice (1295 – c. 1321), married April 1305 Azzo VIII d'Este, marchese of Ferrara etc. (d. 1308); she married secondly 1309 Bertrand III of Baux, Count of Andria (d. 1351)

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Linea Genetica N°1 FAMILIA |•••► CHARLES
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1.- 1254 CHARLES II (THE LAME), KING OF NAPLES |•••► Pais:ITALIA
PADRE: Charles I, King of Sicily
MADRE: Beatrice Di Provenza, Regina Consorte Di Sicilia


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2.- 1225 CHARLES I, KING OF SICILY |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Louis VIII le Lion, roi de France
MADRE: Blanche De Castille, Reine Consort De France


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3.- 1187 LOUIS VIII LE LION, ROI DE FRANCE |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Philip Ii Augustus, King Of France
MADRE: Isabelle de Hainaut, Reine de France


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4.- 1165 PHILIP II AUGUSTUS, KING OF FRANCE |•••► Pais:FrancIA
PADRE: Louis VII le Jeune, roi de France
MADRE: Adèle de Champagne, reine de France


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5.- 1120 LOUIS VII LE JEUNE, ROI DE FRANCE |•••► Pais:FrancIA
PADRE: Louis VI the Fat, king of France
MADRE: Adelaide of Maurienne


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6.- 1081 LOUIS VI THE FAT, KING OF FRANCE |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Philip I, King Of France
MADRE: Bertha De Holanda,


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7.- 1052 PHILIP I, KING OF FRANCE |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Henry I, King Of France
MADRE: Anna of Kiev, Queen Consort of the Franks


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8.- 1009 HENRY I, KING OF FRANCE |•••► Pais:Francia
PADRE: Robert II Capet, King of the France
MADRE: Constance of Arles, queen consort of the Franks


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9.- 0972 ROBERT II CAPET, KING OF THE FRANCE |•••► Pais:FrancIA
PADRE: Hugues Capet, Roi Des Francs
MADRE: Adélaïde D'aquitaine, Reine Des Francs


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10.- 0940 HUGUES CAPET, ROI DES FRANCS |•••► Pais:
PADRE: Hugh  (Magnus) of Paris, count of Paris, duke of the Franks
MADRE: Hedwige of Saxony


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11.- 0898 HUGH  (MAGNUS) OF PARIS, COUNT OF PARIS, DUKE OF THE FRANKS |•••► Pais:FrancIA

PADRE: Robert I, King of France
MADRE: Béatrice de Vermandois


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12.- 0866 ROBERT I, KING OF FRANCE |•••► Pais:FRANCIA
PADRE: Robert IV (the Strong), Margrave of Neustria
MADRE: Adelaide of Tours


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Philippe Capet, Roi De France Et De Navarre ♛ Ref: KF-293 |•••► #FRANCIA 🇫🇷🏆 #Genealogía #Genealogy

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 de: Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo →Philippe V, roi de France et de Navarre is your 18th great uncle.

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(Linea Paterna) 

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Philippe V, roi de France et de Navarre is your 18th great uncle.
You → Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
   →  Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father →  Elena Cecilia Lecuna Escobar
his mother →  María Elena de la Concepción Escobar Llamosas
her mother → Cecilia Cayetana de la Merced Llamosas Vaamonde de Escobar
her mother →  Cipriano Fernando de Las Llamosas y García
her father → José Lorenzo de las Llamozas Silva
his father →  Joseph Julián Llamozas Ranero
his father →  Manuel Llamosas y Requecens
his father →  Isabel de Requesens
his mother →  Luis de Requeséns y Zúñiga, Virrey de Holanda
her father →  Juan de Zúñiga Avellaneda y Velasco
his father → Pedro de Zúñiga y Avellaneda, II conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father →  Diego López de Zúñiga y Guzmán, I conde de Miranda del Castañar
his father → D. Pedro López de Zúñiga y García de Leyva, I Conde de Ledesma, Conde de Plasencia
his father → Dª. Juana García de Leyva, Señora de Hacinas, Quintanilla y Villavaquerín
his mother →  Juan Martínez de Leyva, III
her father →  Isabella Plantagenet
his mother → Edward III of England
her father →  Isabella of France, Queen consort of England
his mother →  Philippe V, roi de France et de Navarre
her brother
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Felipe V , llamado "Largo", nació alrededor de 1293 y murió el 3 de enero de 1322, es el rey Francia y Navarra (con el nombre de Felipe II ). Él reina desde 1316 hasta su muerte y es el penúltimo monarca de la dinastía capetiana directa .

Segundo hijo del rey Felipe IV , recibió el condado de Poitiers como un lugar , mientras que su hermano mayor Luis X heredó el trono en 1314. Cuando Luis murió en 1316, dejó a una hija y una esposa embarazada, Clemence de Hungría . Felipe el Largo obtiene la regencia del reino. Reina Clemencia dio poco después del nacimiento de un hijo, que fue proclamado rey con el nombre de Jean I er , pero el niño murió de repente cinco días más tarde. Cuando su sobrino murió, Felipe fue inmediatamente coronado en Reims . Sin embargo, su legitimidad es disputada por los partidarios de Jeanne , la hija de Louis X. Felipe V barre las afirmaciones de su sobrina usando varios argumentos, entre ellos su corta edad, las dudas sobre su paternidad (su madre participó en el caso de la Torre de Nesle)  y la reunión de los Estados Generales que confirma que las mujeres Están excluidos de la sucesión al trono de Francia. La sucesión a favor de Felipe establece un precedente en la sucesión al trono, que luego se formalizará bajo el nombre de Ley Salica .

Felipe V restablece las buenas relaciones con el Condado de Flandes , que entró en abierta rebelión bajo el reinado de su padre. Sin embargo, las relaciones con Eduardo II de Inglaterra se deterioran cuando este último, que también es Duque de Aquitania , inicialmente se niega a rendir homenaje a Felipe por sus posesiones continentales. Una cruzada popular tuvo lugar en 1320 desde Normandía para liberar a Iberia de los moros . En cambio, la población descontenta camina hacia el sur para atacar castillos, oficiales reales, sacerdotes, leprosos y judíos.. Philippe V ESTÁ comprometido en una serie de reformas internas para mejorar la administración del reino. Estas reformas incluyen la creación de una oficina de auditoría independiente, la estandarización de pesos y medidas y el establecimiento de una moneda única.

Felipe V murió de disentería en 1322 sin un heredero varón para sucederlo. Así, es su hermano Carlos IV , que se beneficia del precedente creado por Felipe en 1316, quien lo sucede en el trono.

Juventud y matrimonio
Philip doblaje largo y su hermano menor Carlos de la caminata en 1313. La ceremonia fue presidida por su padre Felipe IV, su hermano mayor Luis I de Navarra y su hermano Eduardo II de Inglaterra.
Philip doblaje largo y su hermano menor Carlos de la caminata en 1313. La ceremonia fue presidida por su padre Felipe IV, su hermano mayor Luis I er de Navarra y su hermano Eduardo II de Inglaterra .
Philip Long es el segundo hijo del rey de Francia Felipe IV y su esposa, la reina Juana I re de Navarra . Su padre le otorgó el condado de Poitiers en el año 1311. Los historiadores modernos han descrito a Philip como un hombre "de considerable inteligencia y sensibilidad" y "el más sabio y el más políticamente capaz" de los tres hijos de Philippe. Bel [ 1 ] . Philippe está influenciado por los problemas sufridos por su padre en 1314, así como por las dificultades encontradas por su hermano mayor Louis X , dice Hutin [ 2 ] . En el corazón de los problemas dePhilippe IV y Luis X son los impuestos recaudados fuera de los períodos de crisis [ 2 ] .

Philip se casó el 21 de enero de 1307, Jeanne [ 3 ] , la hija mayor de Othon IV , conde palatina de Borgoña y Mahaut , condesa de Artois . Inicialmente, es Louis X quien debe casarse con Jeanne, pero Philip the Fair finalmente decide hacerlo casar a Marguerite de Borgoña en 1305 [ 4 ]. Jeanne se convirtió en condesa de Borgoña en 1315, luego, tras la muerte de su madre, condesa de Artois en 1329. Por este matrimonio, Philippe de Poitiers es el mismo conde palatino de Borgoña y puede impugnar la dignidad imperial. Los historiadores modernos tienen poca evidencia para decir si el matrimonio de Philip y Joan fue feliz, pero la pareja tiene muchos hijos en muy poco tiempo [ 5 ] . Por otra parte, Philip fue excepcionalmente generoso en los regalos que hizo a su esposa [ 4 ] y se aseguró de que la tierra y financieros donaciones que le obligó a hacerlo no se toman a la muerte [ 6 ]. Así, Jeanne de Borgoña recibe varios paladares, así como joyas. Además, Felipe le otorga la propiedad de todos los judíos de Borgoña en 1318 [ 7 ] .

A principios del año 1314, Jeanne está involucrada en el asunto de la Torre Nesle . Marguerite de Borgoña está convencida de adulterio con un caballero, bajo el testimonio de la reina de Inglaterra , Isabelle , hermana de Felipe [ 8 ] . Por su parte, Jeanne es sospechosa de haber sabido del adulterio de Marguerite. Encarcelada en el calabozo del castillo de Dourdan para arrepentirse, ella continúa protestando por su inocencia [ 9 ] . En 1315, Jeanne es inocente por el Parlamento de París.Sin duda, gracias a la influencia de Philip, y se le permite regresar a la corte. Todavía no está claro por qué Philip lo apoyó tanto. Algunos sugieren que estaba preocupado por perder a Borgoña si alguna vez se divorciaba de Jeanne. Otros sostienen la evidencia de que Philip escribió apasionadas cartas a su esposa y estaba verdaderamente enamorado de ella [ 9 ] .

A la muerte de Felipe IV el 29 de noviembre de 1314, su hijo mayor, Luis X, ascendió al trono. Frente a la masacre de los grandes señores feudales, Louis recibe el apoyo decisivo de su hermano Philippe de Poitiers a cambio de la herencia del Condado de Borgoña, que es contrario al testamento de su padre Philippe le Bel. Compró en 1295 los derechos de Condado Libre.a Othon IV de Borgoña a cambio de una alianza matrimonial. Al aceptar perder sus derechos de herencia sobre el condado de Borgoña, Jeanne de Borgoña conserva el disfrute y el título. De acuerdo con la voluntad de Felipe IV, el condado debe regresar a la corona si Philippe de Poitiers y Jeanne de Bourgogne no tienen un hijo. Philippe de Poitiers financia su apoyo a Louis X exigiendo que su esposa Jeanne lege el condado de Borgoña a su hija mayor, además del Artois que proviene de su madre Mahaut. Este acuerdo, por el cual Luis X pagó por la estabilidad de su reinado temprano, trajo bajo el reinado de Luis XI la difícil sucesión de Borgoña y Artois, unida en manos de los Habsburgo por matrimonio, y bajoLuis XIV la Guerra de la Devolución de Artois y Franche-Comté.

Regencia, adhesión al trono y consagración.
Philippe es coronado apresuradamente después de la muerte de su sobrino Juan I, para acelerar a sus enemigos.
Felipe fue coronado con prisa después de la muerte de su sobrino Jean I er , para superar a sus enemigos.
El hermano mayor de Philippe, Luis X, murió el 5 de junio de 1316, dejando a su esposa Clemence de Hungría embarazada [ 10 ] . Varios candidatos reclaman la regencia mientras esperan el nacimiento de la reina, incluyendo a Charles de Valois , el tío de Felipe que realmente gobernó Francia durante el breve reinado de Luis X, y Eudes IV de Borgoña , el hermano de Marguerite de Bourgogne y el tío de Jeanne , la supuesta hija de Louis X en su primer matrimonio. Philippe se apresura a descartar a estos posibles pretendientes y apoderarse de la regencia [ 3 ] . La reina Clemence da a luz el 14 de noviembre de 1316 a un hijo, Jean Ier . Felipe es necesario para asegurar la regencia hasta la mayoría de su sobrino. Pero este hijo póstumo de Luis X muere cinco días después de su nacimiento [ 10 ] .

La muerte de Juan I primera establece un precedente en la dinastía de directa Capetos . Por primera vez, el rey de Francia murió sin un heredero varón. Los barones deciden reunirse para determinar a quién debe caer la corona. Jeanne, hija de Luis X, es considerada un posible candidato al trono por su familia de Borgoña. Sin embargo, muchos barones cuestionan la legitimidad de la princesa [ 10 ] , que Philippe considera no como la hija de Luis X, sino el caballero Philippe d'Aunay [ 3 ]. Philippe, que es consciente de que solo su sobrina es un obstáculo para su acceso al trono, sabe que tendrá que luchar contra los grandes señores feudales, cuyo tío Charles de Valois es uno de los líderes y que hasta entonces apoya los derechos al trono de Jeanne. Charles reúne a su sobrino después de negociar [ 3 ] . Luego, el regente Philip calma a Eudes IV de Borgoña: promete la mano de su hija mayor, Jeanne, poniendo en la dote de la novia la herencia de los condados de Borgoña y Artois, pero a cambio Eudes debe renunciar a los derechos de los suyos. Sobrina al trono [ 10 ] .

El 9 de enero de 1317, Felipe es coronado rey en la iglesia de Saint-Rémy-de-Reims [ 11 ] . La mayoría de los barones de Francia no están presentes en la coronación y surgen problemas en Champagne y Borgoña [ 12 ] . Como resultado, Felipe V se reunió el 2 de febrero de 1317 con los Estados Generales en París [ 3 ] . Tras lograr interpretar a su favor la costumbre que se formalizará más adelante bajo los aspectos de la Ley Salic , Philippe obtiene que la asamblea declara que está mejor ubicado en el trono que su sobrina Jeanne, porque está separada de Saint Louis.por dos generaciones contra tres para Jeanne, y que "la mujer no tiene éxito en el reino de Francia". Esta proclamación oficial se hace a pesar de la oposición de algunos barones, incluido Charles de la Marche , el último hijo de Philip the Fair y el hermano menor de Philip V, y la duquesa Agnès de Bourgogne, que protege los derechos de su nieta. Jeanne [ 10 ] .

reinar
Reformas tributarias y administrativas.
Philippe toma medidas para reformar la moneda de Francia durante su reinado, incluidos estos torneos de plata.
Philippe toma medidas para reformar la moneda de Francia durante su reinado, incluidos estos torneos de plata.
En términos de política interna, Philippe aparece como un rey poderoso y popular [ 3 ] , a pesar de la situación crítica en Francia que continuamente produce malas cosechas, lo que causa la Gran Hambruna [ 1 ] . Philippe V sigue los pasos de su padre Philippe le Bel, tratando de colocar la corona de Francia en una sólida base de impuestos y revocando muchas de las decisiones impopulares tomadas por Luis X. También introduce reformas dentro de su gobierno, en reformando la moneda y buscando estandarizar los pesos y medidas [ 3 ] , a pesar de la oposición de los señores del Sur .

En 1317, Felipe V vuelve a publicar el acto sancionado por su padre en 1311, que condena la alienación y el robo de los recursos reales y posiciones administrativas en las provincias [ 2 ] . En 1318, su legitimidad en el trono se aseguró definitivamente, va más allá, estableciendo en un nuevo acto una distinción entre el dominio real francés, todas las tierras y títulos que pertenecen permanentemente a la corona, y las tierras y títulos que han sido confiscados por la corona por una razón u otra [ 2 ]. Por lo tanto, si la corona debe otorgar nuevas tierras a los nobles, las tierras donadas por el rey necesariamente provienen de tierras previamente confiscadas. Esta es una medida de doble filo, ya que refuerza los poderes inalienables de la corona y asegura a los nobles que sus tierras están seguras a menos que sean confiscadas por cualquier delito o delito menor [ 2 ] . En la práctica, Philip no ha cumplido plenamente con sus principios autoproclamados sobre la concesión de títulos reales y reales, pero ha sido mucho más conservador en estas áreas que sus predecesores inmediatos [ 13 ] .

Philippe V organiza sus reformas al rodearse de abogados competentes o contadores eficientes. De este modo, el futuro cardenal Pierre Bertrand le asesora sobre las reformas de la moneda presentadas al Parlamento [ 14 ] . El rey organiza el Tesoro dirigido por Henri de Sully , gran embotellador de Francia . Al promulgar el decreto de Vivier-en-Brie [ 15 ] en enero de 1320, el Rey creó la Cámara de Cuentas, que más tarde se convirtió en el Tribunal de Cuentas [ 16 ].. Las dos administraciones reales están bajo el ministerio de Henri de Sully durante el reinado de Felipe V. Uno de los tesoreros, Giraud Gayte , es particularmente impopular y es víctima de una purga que sigue a la muerte del rey. en 1322.

Puente con Flandes e Inglaterra
Philippe logra encontrar una solución diplomática y dinástica a los desacuerdos que frecuentemente enfrentaron a la corona contra el Condado de Flandes a principios del siglo XIV.  Se lo representa en esta miniatura del siglo XV en una entrevista con Louis de Nevers, el hijo mayor del conde de Flandes, Robert III.
Philippe se las arregla para encontrar una solución diplomática a desacuerdos y dinástica con frecuencia se oponen a la corona y el condado de Flandes a principios XIV °  siglo. Se representa en esta miniatura del XV °  siglo, durante una entrevista con Louis de Nevers , el hijo mayor del conde de Flandes Robert III.
Philippe consigue salir del problema flamenco. La cuenta de Flandes rige como monarca independiente, a expensas de la corona [ 17 ] . Se supone que el rey de Francia es el soberano del condado, pero desde 1297, las relaciones franco-flamencas se han extendido [ 17 ] . Philippe le Bel sufrió un serio revés en la batalla de Kortrijk en 1302, intentando reafirmar la autoridad francesa en Flandes [ 17 ] y, a pesar de su victoria final en Mons-en-Pévèle en 1304, Flandes trata de esconderse en Los años que siguen los preceptos reales. Roberto III de FlandesContinuó la resistencia militar contra Francia, especialmente durante el levantamiento de los osos reales en 1314 y 1315, pero el advenimiento de Felipe V aísla políticamente [ 18 ] . Mientras tanto, la posición francesa se vuelve frágil por la incesante necesidad de prepararse para una insurrección en Flandes. En 1315, Luis X prohibió la exportación de grano y otros materiales a Flandes, lo que resultó en una lucrativa industria de contrabando que desalentó el comercio legal con la corona en el norte del reino. Louis se ve obligado a solicitar alimentos directamente para sus ejércitos, lo que resulta en una serie de quejas de los señores locales y de la Iglesia. [ 19 ]. Por su parte, Philippe comienza a restablecer un sistema de compensación apropiado en 1317, pero la situación sigue siendo inestable [ 20 ] . Philip y Robert ambos quieren evitar la participación militar y buscar un compromiso [ 20 ] . En primer lugar, Robert acepta rendir homenaje a Philippe en el Palacio de la Ciudad el 5 de mayo de 1320. El 2 de junio, el conde de Flandes llega a un acuerdo: acepta casarse con su nieto y futuro heredero Louis. Crécy con Marguerite , segunda hija del rey de Francia. Esta unión trae a Robert, luego a Louis, un apoyo de la corona en Flandes [ 18 ]. Este matrimonio también beneficia a Philippe V, porque Louis de Crécy fue criado durante algunos años por el mismo Philippe [ 21 ] y recibió una educación esencialmente francesa [ 22 ] . El compromiso es un éxito diplomático considerable para Philippe, aunque los estrechos vínculos mantenidos por Luis con Francia llevarán más tarde a un levantamiento campesino en Flandes desde 1323 [ 23 ] .

Philippe también debe enfrentar dificultades con el rey de Inglaterra Eduardo II . Al igual que el conde de Flandes, Edouard debe rendir homenaje al rey de Francia por las tierras que posee en Gascuña . El rey de Inglaterra se muestra reacio a cumplir con esta tradición feudal, ya que él mismo es soberano y que Gascuña lleva algún tiempo cortando lazos con la corona de Francia [ 12 ] . Edouard no rindió homenaje a Luis X e inicialmente rechazó la solicitud de Felipe V, que se considera más favorable a los ingleses que Luis [ 12 ] . En 1319, Philippe autoriza a Edward a regresar.12 ] . El 29 de junio de 1320, en la catedral de Amiens , Philippe V recibe el sencillo homenaje del rey de Inglaterra por el ducado de Gascuña, el condado de Ponthieu y la ciudad de Montreuil [ 24 ] . Philippe también insiste en que Edward le haga un juramento de lealtad personal, una demanda que va más allá de las reglas tradicionales. Eduardo II se niega, pero este episodio marca un comienzo de tensiones entre Francia e Inglaterra por las posesiones continentales de Plantagenets , que empeorarán después de la muerte de Philippe en 1322.

Relaciones con el papado y proyectos de cruzada.
El papa Juan XXII, inicialmente un aliado cercano de Felipe V en el movimiento Pastoureaux, termina criticando la violenta cruzada que tuvo lugar en 1320.
El papa Juan XXII , inicialmente un aliado cercano de Felipe V en el movimiento Pastoureaux , termina criticando la violenta cruzada que tuvo lugar en 1320.
Philip juega un papel en el movimiento de cruzada de recrudescencia a principios del XIV °  siglo. El Papa Juan XXII , elegido en agosto de 1316 en Lyon por un cónclave reunido por orden del mismo Felipe, muestra su deseo de ver materializadas nuevas cruzadas [ 25 ] . Felipe IV se había adherido a un proyecto presentado al Consejo de Viena en 1312, en el que participaría su hijo menor, Philippe [ 26 ] . Además, durante una visita de Eduardo II a París en 1313, Felipe IV y el rey de Inglaterra habían jurado tomar la cruz [ 26 ]. Una vez instalado en el trono, Philippe se siente obligado a materializar este proyecto y recibe para cumplir con este deseo los fondos del Papa Juan [ 25 ] . Jean acepta el retraso de la expedición a petición de Philippe, quien desea que la situación en Flandes se resuelva primero [ 27 ] . Sin embargo, Juan XXII asegura a los armenios que Philippe pronto organizará una cruzada para aliviarlos de las presiones musulmanas [ 27 ] . La vanguardia de la cruzada despega de 1319 bajo las órdenes de Luis I er de Borbón , pero la flota francesa fue destruido fuera de Génova [28 ] . Durante el invierno de 1319-1320, Philippe organizó una serie de reuniones con los comandantes militares franceses en preparación para una segunda expedición [ 26 ] . Este último luego preguntó sobre el tratado sobre cruzadas escrito por Guillaume Durand [ 29 ] . Sin embargo, al final del reinado de Felipe, su relación con Juan XXII se hizo más difícil en el gasto de los nuevos fondos otorgados por el Papa y debido a la difícil gestión de la Cruzada de Pastoureaux [ 28 ] .

La cruzada de Pastoureaux surge en Normandía en 1320. La activación de este movimiento en este preciso momento se debe a los repetidos llamamientos a la cruzada de Philippe V y sus predecesores. Estas llamadas no dan lugar a ninguna expedición militar generalizada, pero dirigido en 1320 a una cruzada popular es sin embargo controlado por ningún señor secular o eclesiástica [ 30 ] . La intención de Philip de liderar una nueva cruzada ciertamente se hizo pública en la primavera de 1320. Además, la solución pacífica en Flandes deja a un gran número de soldados desmovilizados, a los que se unen los campesinos [ 20 ] . La salida de estos "cruzados" en realidad lleva a una ola de anti-judaísmo.en Francia durante el cual los judíos, las plazas reales [ 31 ] , el clero [ 32 ] y la capital [ 20 ] están amenazados . El movimiento es finalmente condenado por el papa Juan, quien comienza a dudar seriamente de la intención de luchar contra los moros en Iberia [ 33 ] . El rey de Francia se ve obligado a suprimir esta cruzada: los Pastoureaux son aplastados o ejecutados, los sobrevivientes huyen más allá de los Pirineos para buscar refugio en Aragón [ 20 ] .

Miedo a los leprosos
Artículo principal: Miedo a los leprosos de 1321 .
A dos leprosos se les niega la entrada a una ciudad.  Iluminación del siglo XIV.
A dos leprosos se les niega la entrada a una ciudad. Iluminación del XIV °  siglo.
En 1321, se descubrió en Francia una supuesta conspiración, el "miedo a los leprosos  ". La acusación aparentemente infundada contra los leprosos es que envenenaron los pozos de muchas ciudades y que esta actividad fue orquestada por la comunidad judía [ 10 ] , encargada en secreto por los musulmanes [ 34 ] . El miedo es parte de la atmósfera febril creada por la cruzada de Pastoureaux el año anterior y la incesante hambruna desde el invierno de 1314 [ 34 ]. Bajo el reinado de Felipe V, los judíos de Francia están estrechamente relacionados con la corona de Francia. Felipe ordenó que los funcionarios reales asistieran a los prestamistas judíos en la recuperación de las deudas cristianas. Sin embargo, algunos funcionarios locales argumentan que la corona debe heredar propiedades de comerciantes judíos fallecidos [ 35 ] . Tras los acontecimientos de 1320, Philip estaba involucrado en la persecución de los que atacaron a los Judios durante la cruzada de los pastores, lo que refuerza la aversión de la población contra la minoría judía [ 36 ] . Los rumores y acusaciones contra los leprosos también circularon en 1320 y algunos fueron perseguidos por los Pastoureaux [37 ] .

Philippe estuvo en Poitiers en junio de 1321, cuando realizó una gira por el sur del reino para reformar el sistema tributario. Se le informa que el miedo a los leprosos se está extendiendo. Philippe publica un edicto ordenando a todos los culpables de leprosos envenenamiento ser quemado, y que su propiedad será confiscada por la corona [ 38 ] . El giro hacia el sur del reino y los planes de reforma, aunque elogiados por los historiadores modernos, crean una oposición local significativa. Esta impopularidad del rey coincide según los historiadores con el estallido de violencia [ 39 ]. El desencadenamiento de la violencia contra los leprosos pone al rey en una posición difícil porque no puede ni tolerar ni condenar la persecución. De hecho, la primera opción podría conducir a más violencia, mientras que la segunda socavaría la autoridad real [ 40 ] . Algunos judíos abandonan Francia por temor a los leprosos, pero Philip se niega a firmar cualquier edicto, lo que limita el impacto de la violencia [ 41 ] , [ 42 ] , [ 43 ] , [ 44 ] .

Muerte y sucesión
Gisants of Philip V, su hermano menor Charles IV y su cuñada Joan of Evreux en la Basílica de St. Denis.
Gisants of Philip V, su hermano menor Charles IV y su cuñada Joan of Evreux en la Basílica de St. Denis .
Afectado por la disentería y la fiebre del cuarteto a partir de agosto de 1321, Philippe fue tratado con madera y un clavo de la True Cross , así como con un brazo de Saint Simon [ 45 ] . Después de un breve respiro, murió en la Abadía de Longchamp , cerca de París, la noche del 2 al 3 de enero de 1322, después de cinco meses de sufrimiento. Está enterrado en la basílica Saint-Denis , mientras que sus vísceras se depositan en el convento de los jacobinos de París. Su sepelio en Saint-Denis, como los de todos los otros príncipes y dignatarios que descansan en este lugar, será profanado por los revolucionarios el 25 de octubre de 1793.

En virtud del precedente que invocó en 1316 para tomar el trono, Felipe, quien murió sin un descendiente masculino, fue sucedido por su hermano menor, Carlos IV, la Feria . Charles también murió sin un descendiente masculino en 1328, lo que llevó finalmente a la reclamación del trono de Francia por Eduardo III de Inglaterra , nieto de Felipe el Justo de su madre Isabelle, en 1337 y el estallido de la Guerra de los Cien Años. .

Unión y descenso
El 21 de enero de 1307, Philippe se casó con Jeanne II de Borgoña . De esta unión nacen cinco hijos [ 46 ]  :

Jeanne (1 st / 02 de mayo 1308 - 10/15 de agosto de 1347), condesa de Borgoña y Artois, se casó en 1318 con Eudes IV , Duque de Borgoña  ;
Marguerite (1309 - 9 de mayo 1382), condesa de Borgoña y de Artois, se casó en 1320 con Louis I er de Flandes , el conde de Nevers y el conde de Flandes y de Rethel  ;
Isabelle (1312 - abril 1348), se casó en 1323 con el Dauphin Guigues VIII de Viena , antes de 1336 [ 47 ] el señor de Faucogney , Juan III  ;
Blanche (1313 - 26 de abril de 1358), religiosa en Longchamp;
Philippe (julio 1316 - 24 febrero 1317 [ 48 ] ).
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Linea Genetica N°1 FAMILIA |•••► PHILIPPE

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1.- 1293 PHILIPPE CAPET, ROI DE FRANCE ET DE NAVARRE |•••► Pais:France

PADRE: Felipe IV de Francia (1268)

MADRE: Juana I De Navarra

 

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2.- 1268 FELIPE IV DE FRANCIA (1268) |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Felipe III de Francia (1245)

MADRE: Isabel de Aragón, Reina Consorte de Francia

 

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3.- 1245 FELIPE III DE FRANCIA (1245) |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Luis Ix De Francia

MADRE: Margarita de Provenza

 

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4.- 1214 LUIS IX DE FRANCIA |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Luis VIII de Francia (1187)

MADRE: Blanca de Castilla

 

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5.- 1187 LUIS VIII DE FRANCIA (1187) |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Felipe II de Francia (1165)

MADRE: Isabel de Hainaut

 

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6.- 1165 FELIPE II DE FRANCIA (1165) |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Luis VII de Francia (1120)

MADRE: Adela de Champaña

 

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7.- 1120 LUIS VII DE FRANCIA (1120) |•••► Pais:FRANCIA

PADRE: Luis VI de Francia ( 1081)

MADRE: Adela de Saboya (c. 1100-54)

 

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