32 ° Bisabuelo de: Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo
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R' David Nathan Exilarca, Rosh Golah de Judá Gaon Ha Sofer de Pumbeditha ben Chazub, Exilarch, Rosh Golah of Judah is your 32nd great grandfather.You→ Carlos Juan Felipe Antonio Vicente De La Cruz Urdaneta Alamo→ Enrique Jorge Urdaneta Lecuna
your father → Carlos Urdaneta Carrillo
his father → Enrique Urdaneta Maya, Dr.
his father → Josefa Alcira Maya de la Torre y Rodríguez
his mother → Vicenta Rodríguez Uzcátegui
her mother → María Celsa Uzcátegui Rincón
her mother → Sancho Antonio de Uzcátegui Briceño
her father → Jacobo de Uzcátegui Bohorques
his father → Luisa Jimeno de Bohorques Dávila
his mother → Juan Jimeno de Bohórquez
her father → Luisa Velásquez de Velasco
his mother → Juan Velásquez de Velasco y Montalvo, Gobernador de La Grita
her father → Ortún Velázquez de Velasco
his father → María Enríquez de Acuña
his mother → Inés Enríquez y Quiñones
her mother → Fadrique Enríquez de Mendoza, 2º Almirante Mayor de Castilla, Conde de Melgar y Rueda
her father → Alonso Enríquez de Castilla, 1er. Almirante Mayor de Castilla, Señor de Medina de Rio Seco
his father → Yonati bat Gedaliah, Paloma
his mother → Gedalia Shlomo ibn ben Shlomo ibn Yaḥyā haZaken
her father → Shlomo ben Yahya ibn Yahya
his father → Yosef ibn Yahya HaZaken
his father → Don Yehuda ibn Yahya ibn Ya'ish
his father → Don Yahya "el Negro"
his father → Yehudah "Ya'ish" ben Yahuda ibn ben Yahudah ibn Yaḥyā, senhor de Aldeia dos Negros
his father → Hayy "Hiyya" ibn Ya'ish ibn Ya'ish ben ben David al-Daudi, HaNasi
his father → David "Ya'ish" ibn Hiyya
his father → Yehudah Hayy "Yahya" ben Hiyya, Nasi, Ra'is b'Rabbanan al-Tulaytula
his father → Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī "Hiyya al-Daudi", Qaḍī of Cordoba & Toledo
his father → Abu Suleiman David ibn Yaʿīs̲h̲ ben Yehuda Ibn Ya Ish ben Zakai II ben Zakai II, Nasi, Qāḍī, haDayyan of Toledo
his father → Yehudah "Zakhai" Natan ben Avraham al-Andalusi Nasi, Qadi de Sidonia ben Avraham al-Andalusī, Nasi, Qaḍī of Sidonia
his father → Abu Isḥāq Ibrahim Sahl (abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn al-Nag'hdilah ibn Ata al-Yahudi, haRoffeh) Exilarch, Rosh Golah of Judah ibn al-Nag'hdīlah ibn Ata al-yahūdī, haRoffe al-Galut 'Mar Sahl'
his father → 'Nathan HaBabli' ben Abu Ishaq Avraham Nasi, 2nd. Exilarca Mar Uqba HaRofeh, Qadi al-Qayraw ben Abu Ishaq Avraham, Exilarch 'Mar Uqba HaRofeh', Qadi al-Qayrawānī
his father → David Avraham ben Hazub, Exilarch 'Rab David II', haSofer b'Pumbeditha
his father → R' David Nathan Exilarca, Rosh Golah de Judá Gaon Ha Sofer de Pumbeditha ben Chazub, Exilarch, Rosh Golah of Judah
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R' David Nathan Exilarca, Rosh Golah de Judá Gaon Ha Sofer de Pumbeditha ben Chazub, Exilarch, Rosh Golah of Judah MP
Gender: Male
Birth: circa 878
Tiberias, Israel
Death: circa 945 (59-75)
Ramla, Israel
Immediate Family:
Son of Mar Rab Judah 'Hazub' bar Pinchas, Exilarch, Gaon, haSofer of Pumbeditha and 1st bat Mar Rab Mishoi 'Seshna' haSofer b'Pumbeditha
Husband of Judith Bat Zemah ben Paltoi Kohen Sedeq Gaon de Pumbeditha bat Ẓemaḥ ben Palṭoi Kohen Ṣedeq Gaon of Pumbeditha
Father of David Avraham ben Hazub, Exilarch 'Rab David II', haSofer b'Pumbeditha and Abu Zakkai "Yehudah" ben David
Brother of Hananya haSofer of Pumbeditha ben Yehudah, haSofer of Pumbeditha and Josiah al-Hasan ben Zakkai
Added by: Erik Gross on February 20, 2007
Managed by: Alex Ronald Keith Paz and 14 others
Curated by: Jaim David Harlow, J2b2a1a1a1b3c
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David ben Judah (a/k/a "David ben Zakkai")
David ben Judah was an exilarch during the first half of the ninth century. In his bid for office, David was opposed by another member of the exilarchal dynasty named Daniel. The dispute between the two candidates is mentioned in the Epistle of Sherira Gaon, as well as in the Syriac chronicles of Michael the Syrian and Bar Hebraeus.
According to the latter sources, David was backed by the Jews of Tiberias, while Daniel, described as a follower of ʿAnan ben David, had the support of the Babylonians. The same sources connect the conflict with a proclamation by the Abbasid caliph al-Maʿmūn (d. 883) allowing religious groups of at least ten people to appoint their own leaders. David is generally thought to have been the victor in the controversy, but a reference to the grave of “the exilarch Daniel in the time of al-Maʿmūn” in an eleventh-century letter from the Cairo Geniza recently led to the suggestion that each of the candidates may have viewed himself as the legitimate appointee. Sherira notes in the Epistle that in David ben Judah’s time the exilarchate lost its authority over the Pumbedita yeshiva. David had a son named Judah who was an exilarch in the second half of the ninth century.
According to the Judeo-Arabic report of Rabbi Nathan ha-Bavlī (Nathan the Babylonian), David ben Zakkay (d. ca 940) succeeded ʿUqba as exilarch in the first quarter of the tenth century, the latter having been forced out of office by a faction made up of the leaders of the Pumbedita yeshiva and some wealthy Jewish bankers in Baghdad. A letter sent to Palestine in this early phase of his tenure in office reflects David’s efforts to establish close ties with Jewish communities outside Iraq.
Relations between David and Saʿadya ben Joseph were initially good. Together they resisted the attempt by the Palestinian gaon, Aaron ben Me’ir, to announce a calendar for the year 4682 (921/22 C.E.) that differed from the one officially sanctioned by the Jewish authorities in Iraq. Later, in 928, David appointed Saʿadya head of the failing Sura yeshiva, an institution historically allied to the exilarchate, perhaps in recognition of his spirited defense of Babylonian primacy during the calendar controversy. It was apparently David’s practice to submit legal rulings issued under his name to Saʿadya for confirmation, a procedure that eventually led to the famous rupture between the two. According to Nathan ha-Bavlī, on one such occasion, in a matter involving the settlement of a will from which the exilarch stood to gain a considerable sum of money, Saʿadya refused to confirm David’s judgment. Enraged, David deposed Saʿadya and named Joseph ben Jacob bar Satya gaon of Sura in his place. Saʿadya countered by deposing David and appointing his brother Josiah as exilarch. Both men had supporters among the leaders of the Baghdad Jewish community, and a reconciliation was reached around the year 937 with the help of the banker Bishr ben Aaron. Saʿadya was reinstated as gaon of Sura, and David resumed the post of exilarch; his brother Josiah was reportedly exiled to the outlying province of Khurasan, where he died. David himself died only a few years later, and, according to Nathan ha-Bavlī, was succeeded as exilarch by his son Judah.
David ben Zakkay’s tumultuous career—in particular his conflict with Saʿadya Gaon—reflects the ongoing tensions between the ecumenical heads of the Jewish community during the Middle Ages as they vied with one another for recognition and financial support.
Arnold Franklin
Bibliography
Brody, Robert. The Geonim of Babylonia and the Shaping of Medieval Jewish Culture (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998).
Malter, Henry. Saadia Gaon: His Life and Works (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1921).
Gil, Moshe. The Jews in Islamic Countries in the Middle Ages (Leiden: Brill, 2004).
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David ben Judá fue un exilarch durante la primera mitad del siglo IX. En su intento por el cargo, David se opuso a otro miembro de la dinastía exilarchal llamado Daniel. La disputa entre los dos candidatos se menciona en la Epístola de Sherira Gaon, así como en las crónicas siríacas de Michael the Syrian y Bar Hebraeus.
Según las últimas fuentes, David fue respaldado por los judíos de Tiberíades, mientras que Daniel, descrito como un seguidor de nanAnan ben David, contó con el apoyo de los babilonios. Las mismas fuentes conectan el conflicto con una proclamación del califa abasí al-Maʿmūn (muerto en 883) que permite a grupos religiosos de al menos diez personas nombrar a sus propios líderes. En general, se cree que David fue el vencedor en la controversia, pero una referencia a la tumba del "exilarch Daniel en la época de al-Maʿmūn" en una carta del siglo XI de El Cairo Geniza recientemente llevó a la sugerencia de que cada uno de ellos los candidatos pueden haberse visto a sí mismos como el designado legítimo. Sherira señala en la Epístola que en tiempos de David ben Judá el exilarcado perdió su autoridad sobre la yeshiva Pumbedita. David tuvo un hijo llamado Judá que fue un exilarch en la segunda mitad del siglo IX.
Según el informe judeoárabe del rabino Nathan ha-Bavlī (Nathan el babilonio), David ben Zakkay (muerto en ca. 940) sucedió a ʿUqba como exilarch en el primer cuarto del siglo X, el último fue expulsado de su cargo por una facción compuesta por los líderes de la yeshiva Pumbedita y algunos ricos banqueros judíos en Bagdad. Una carta enviada a Palestina en esta fase temprana de su mandato en el cargo refleja los esfuerzos de David para establecer lazos estrechos con las comunidades judías fuera de Irak.
Las relaciones entre David y Saʿadya ben Joseph fueron inicialmente buenas. Juntos resistieron el intento del gaon palestino, Aaron ben Me’ir, de anunciar un calendario para el año 4682 (921/22 E.C.) que difería del aprobado oficialmente por las autoridades judías en Irak. Más tarde, en 928, David designó a Saʿadya como jefe de la Sura yeshiva, una institución históricamente aliada del exilarcado, tal vez en reconocimiento de su enérgica defensa de la primacía babilónica durante la controversia del calendario. Aparentemente, era práctica de David presentar las resoluciones legales emitidas bajo su nombre a Saʿadya para su confirmación, un procedimiento que finalmente condujo a la famosa ruptura entre los dos. Según Nathan ha-Bavlī, en una de esas ocasiones, en un asunto relacionado con el establecimiento de un testamento del que el exilarch debía ganar una considerable suma de dinero, Saʿadya se negó a confirmar el juicio de David. Enfurecido, David depuso a Saʿadya y nombró a Joseph ben Jacob bar Saton gaon de Sura en su lugar. Saʿadya respondió destituyendo a David y nombrando a su hermano Josiah como exilarch. Ambos hombres tenían partidarios entre los líderes de la comunidad judía de Bagdad, y se alcanzó una reconciliación alrededor del año 937 con la ayuda del banquero Bishr ben Aaron. Saʿadya fue readmitido como gaon de Sura, y David reanudó el cargo de exilarch; Según los informes, su hermano Josiah fue exiliado a la provincia periférica de Khurasan, donde murió. El propio David murió solo unos años más tarde y, según Nathan ha-Bavlī, su hijo Judá lo sucedió como exilarch.
La carrera tumultuosa de David ben Zakkay, en particular su conflicto con Saʿadya Gaon, refleja las tensiones actuales entre los jefes ecuménicos de la comunidad judía durante la Edad Media, ya que competían entre sí por el reconocimiento y el apoyo financiero.
Arnold Franklin
Bibliografía
Brody, Robert. Los geonim de Babilonia y la configuración de la cultura judía medieval (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998).
Malter, Henry. Saadia Gaon: His Life and Works (Filadelfia: Jewish Publication Society, 1921).
Gil, Moshe. Los judíos en los países islámicos en la Edad Media (Leiden: Brill, 2004).
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Alexander. “The Exilarchate in the Eastern Caliphate, 637–1258,” Jewish Quarterly Review, n.s. 31 (1940): 149–169.
Citation Arnold Franklin. " David ben Judah." Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World. Executive Editor Norman A. Stillman. Brill Online , 2013.
"David ben Zakkay." Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World. Executive Editor Norman A. Stillman. Brill Online, 2013.
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Judith Bat Zemah ben Paltoi Kohe...
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David Avraham ben Hazub, Exilarc...
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Mar Rab Judah 'Hazub' bar Pincha...
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1st bat Mar Rab Mishoi 'Seshna' ...
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Hananya haSofer of Pumbeditha be...
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